Ikiyaga cya Muhazi

Ikiyaga cya Muhazi (Kinyarwanda: Ikiyaga cya Muhazi) ni ikiyaga kirekire kirekire cyane mu burasirazuba bw'u Rwanda. Igice kinini cy'ikiyaga kiri mu Ntara y'Iburasirazuba, impera y'iburengerazuba igakora umupaka uhuza Intara y'Amajyaruguru na Kigali. Ni ikiyaga cyuzuyemo ikibaya cyuzuyemo amazi, kikaba kiryamye cyane mu burasirazuba ugana iburengerazuba, ariko gifite amasoko menshi mu majyaruguru yerekeza mu majyepfo, ahahoze ari imigezi. Ikiyaga gifite urugomero rwa beto kuruhande rwiburengerazuba, rwubatswe mu 1999 kugirango rusimbuze urugomero rwisi rwabayeho kuva kera. Ikiyaga cyisuka mu ruzi rwa Nyabugogo, rutemba rugana mu majyepfo ya Kigali aho ruhurira n'umugezi wa Nyabarongo, igice cya Nili yo haruguru.kandi gifite amoko menshi y'amafi abantu barobamo.

Ubusobanuro

Ikiyaga cya Muhazi giherereye mu burasirazuba bw'u Rwanda, kuri coordinate 1 ° 52′S 30 ° 22′E / 1.867 ° S 30.367 ° E. Irashobora kuboneka mu nzira eshatu zambere zu Rwanda. Umuhanda wa Kigali ugana Gatuna unyura hafi y’iburengerazuba bw’ikiyaga, umuhanda wa Kigali ugana Kayonza, unyura mu kiyaga ugana mu majyepfo; amaherezo, umuhanda wa Kayonza ugana Kagitumba unyura ku kiyaga cya kilometero 3.8 (hafi 2,4 mi) hafi ya Gahini, mbere yo kunyura hejuru y'imisozi ibiri iva mu kiyaga amaherezo ikava mu kiyaga hafi ya Kawangire. kandi ni icyifuzo cyubushakashatsi bwa Mediatrice, Irene na Sandra

Ikiyaga cya Muhazi gifite uburebure bwa kilometero 60, mu burasirazuba - iburengerazuba, ariko ubugari bwacyo buri munsi ya 5 km. Iherereye mu burasirazuba-hagati mu Rwanda kandi ifite inkombe mu ntara eshatu mu ntara eshanu z'igihugu. Iburengerazuba bwa gatatu cyikiyaga kigize umupaka uhuza Intara ya Kigali (Akarere ka Gasabo) mu majyepfo, n’Intara y'Amajyaruguru (Akarere ka Gicumbi) mu majyaruguru. Iburasirazuba bibiri bya gatatu cyangwa ikiyaga kiri mu Ntara y'Iburasirazuba, bikora umupaka uhuza Akarere ka Rwamagana mu majyepfo, n'uturere twa Gatsibo na Kayonza mu majyaruguru.

Hakozwe ubushakashatsi butandukanye bw'iteganyagihe na limnologiya (Plisnier, 1990, Mukankomeje n'abandi 1993).

Amateka

hafi y'umujyi ugezweho wa Rwamagana. Muri kiriya gihe u Rwanda rwari igihugu gito muri federasiyo idahwitse hamwe n’abaturanyi binini kandi bakomeye, Bugesera na Gisaka. Mu gukinisha abo baturanyi, ubwami bwa mbere bwateye imbere muri ako karere, bwaguka iburengerazuba bugana ku kiyaga cya Kivu. Muri ubwo bwami bwagutse, akarere gakikije ikiyaga kahindutse ikibanza gikomeye cy’amadini, gihwanye na mwamis ba kera kandi bubahwa cyane mu bwami. Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 16 cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 17, ubwami bw'u Rwanda bwatewe na Banyoro maze abami bahatirwa guhungira iburengerazuba, basiga Buganza n'akarere k'ikiyaga cya Muhazi mu maboko ya Bugesera na Gisaka.

Muhazi

Ishirwaho ryikinyejana cya 17 cyingoma nshya yu Rwanda na mwami Ruganzu Ndori, hakurikiraho gutera iburasirazuba, kwigarurira Buganza no kwigarurira Bugesera, byaranze intangiriro y’ubwami bw’u Rwanda muri ako karere. Ikiyaga cya Muhazi cyahindutse umupaka uhuza u Rwanda na Gisaka ikiri yigenga, ibintu byakomeje kubaho mu myaka 200, nubwo abami b'u Rwanda bagerageje kunesha Gisaka. Amaherezo, ahagana mu 1830, Gisaka yarigaruriwe maze imbibi z’iburasirazuba bwa leta zitangira gufata imiterere yazo, ikiyaga kiyobowe n’u Rwanda.

Ku butegetsi bw'abakoloni b'Abadage n'Ububiligi Ikiyaga cya Muhazi cyahindutse inzira ikomeye yo gutwara abantu n'iburasirazuba - iburengerazuba, ihuza Kigali n'iburengerazuba bw'igihugu n'umuhanda uva mu majyaruguru - mu majyepfo no mu burasirazuba uva Gahini. Kuva mu 1922, agace k'iburasirazuba kayobowe by'agateganyo n'Ubwongereza mu rwego rwo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri gari ya moshi yatanzwe na Cape-Cairo, icyo gihe Umuryango w'Abamisiyonari b'Itorero (CMS), watangiye imirimo y'ubumisiyonari n'ubuvuzi mu burasirazuba bw'u Rwanda. Ubu butaka bwasubijwe mu Bubiligi mu 1924 ariko abategetsi bemerera CMS gukomeza imirimo yayo, hashyirwaho ubutumwa n’ibitaro bihoraho hafi y’ikiyaga cya Muhazi mu mudugudu wa Gahini.

Muri rusange hamwe n’ibindi bihugu, ikiyaga cya Muhazi niho habereye ubwicanyi bwinshi mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Imirambo myinshi yajugunywe mu kiyaga n’interahamwe za Interahamwe, mu gihe izindi zarohamye zigerageza gutoroka; abatangabuhamya bavuze ko icyo gihe amazi "yavanze n'amaraso."