Kugabanya ibihumanya ikirere birinda ubuzima bwacu

Imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka mu nzego zitandukanye z'ubukungu nk'ubwikorezi, ingufu, inganda, ndetse no mu masoko karemano nko mu kuruka kw'ibirunga, inkubi y'umuyaga, n'umuriro. Ubwiza bwiza bwikirere bugira uruhare runini mubuzima bw'ubuzima bw'abantu no kubidukikije.^[1] 2022 wabaye umwaka utoroshye, mpeshyi yaho hagaragaye ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane mu bice binini byo mu majyaruguru y'isi, byerekana ko byihutirwa gukomeza kugenzura ihindagurika ry’ikirere. Gutinya ejo hazaza akenshi bituma abantu bava mubibazo, kuko bumva biteguye gukora ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kugirango icyo kibazo gikemuke. Ubumenyi bw'ikirere burasobanutse neza kuburyo kuri buri gice cyahantu hashyuha bashobora gukumirwa ingaruka z'ubwo bushyuhedu kugira ngo ubuzima bukomeze kugenda neza. Ibyo bivuze ko hari ibyakorwa kugirango tugabanye ibyangiza ikirere.^[2]

Ibihumanya ikirere

Ibihumanya ikirere harimo;

Gutwika ibintu bitandukanya
Imyuka iva mu nganda
Imyuka iva mubinyabiziga
Gutera imiti yica udukoko^[3]
Imyanda

Ingaruka z'ikirere gihumanye ku buzima bw'umuntu

Ikirere kimeze neza kandi kidahumanye , kigatanga umwuka mwiza abantu bahumeka ubuzima bukaba bwiza. Raporo y’Ishamiry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) igaragaza ko buri mwaka abantu miliyoni enye n’ibihumbi magana abiri (4,200,000) bapfa bazize indwara ziterwa no guhumeka umwuka wanduye zirimo iz’umutima, kanseri y’ibihaha n’izindi ndwara zifata mu myanya y’ubuhumekero cyane cyane ku bana.^[4] ^[5] Ubwiza bw’ikirere bufitanye isano rya hafi n’ikirere cy’isi n’ibinyabuzima ku isi. Benshi mu bashoferi bahumanya ikirere (ni ukuvuga gutwika ibicanwa bya fosile) nabo ni isoko y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Politiki yo kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere rero, itanga ingamba zakamaro haba ku kirere ndetse n’ubuzima, bikagabanya umutwaro w’indwara ziterwa n’ ’ikirere gihumanye, ndetse no kugira uruhare mu kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe cya vuba kandi kirekire.^[6]

Ibyavuze na Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije Dr Mujawamariya Jeanne D’Arc

Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije Dr Mujawamariya Jeanne D’Arc yasambye buri munyarwanda cyane cyane abatuye Umujyi wa Kigali kugira icyo akora kugira ngo umwuka duhumeka urusheho kuba mwiza. Yagize ati “ndahamagarira buri munyarwanda cyane cyane abatuye Umujyi wa Kigali kwitabira kugenda mu modoka za rusange, kugenda n’amaguru aho bishoboka, kureka gucana amakara n’inkwi bagatekesha gazi n’izindi ngufu zitangiza ikirere no gutera ibiti ahashobooka hose.”^[5]

Ibyakorwa kugirango tugabanye ihumanywa ry'ikirere

Umuti wo guca umwanda wigihe gito urashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa uyumunsi. Byose bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rihari kandi birashobora gukorwa nta kiguzi cyangwa gito. Hari ibikorwa byashyirwa mu bikorwa kugirango hagabanywe iyangirika ry'ikirere. Muribyo bikorwa harimo; kugabanya metani iva mu myanda (harimo imyanda y'ibiribwa) n'ubuhinzi; kugabanya ibyuka byangiza imyuka iva mu guteka mu rugo, gucana no gushyushya, no kuri moteri ikora cyane mu makamyo, bisi n'amato; no kugabanya imyuka ya metani iva mu bicuruzwa bya peteroli na gaze.^[7]

Amashakiro

[1] ttps://www.rema.gov.rw/our-work/link/air#:~:text=In%20Rwanda%2C%20air%20pollutants%20are,%2C%20dust%20storms%2C%20and%20wildfires.

[2] ttps://www.goodenergy.co.uk/positive-climate-news/

[3] ttps://www.aqi.in/blog/here-are-the-10-main-causes-of-air-pollution/

[4] ttps://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-and-health/ambient-air-pollution

[:0-5] 5.0 ^5.1 https://www.environment.gov.rw/news-detail/umunsi-mpuzamahanga-wumwuka-mwiza-nikirere-gikeye-minisitiri-wibidukikije-arasaba-buri-munyarwanda-kwita-ku-buziranenge-bwumwuka-duhumeka-1

[6] ttps://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_1

[7] ttps://www.ccacoalition.org/en/content/short-lived-climate-pollutants-and-health

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