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Umuryango wu bukungu bw’afurika

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Umuryango
afurika
Ifaranga ryafurika

Umuryango w’ubukungu nyafurika ( AEC ) ni umuryango w’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika ashyiraho ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubukungu hagati y’ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika . Intego zavuzwe n’uyu muryango zirimo gushyiraho uduce tw’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye, ihuriro ry’amahoro, isoko rimwe, banki nkuru, n’ifaranga rimwe ( reba ubumwe bw’imari ny'afurika ) bityo hashyirwaho ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’amafaranga .

africa
igiceri

Kugeza ubu muri Afurika hari imiryango myinshi yo mu karere, izwi kandi ku izina ry’ubukungu bw’akarere ( REC ), inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite abanyamuryango benshi. RECs igizwe ahanini n’amashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, ubufatanye bwa politiki na gisirikare. Inyinshi muri izi REC zigize inkingi za AEC, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite aho zihurira na bimwe mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango. Bitewe niki kigero kinini cyo guhuzagurika birashoboka ko leta zimwe zifite abanyamuryango benshi amaherezo zizava muri REC imwe cyangwa nyinshi. Benshi murizo nkingi zirimo kandi matsinda mato hamwe na gasutamo ikaze hamwe na cyangwa ubumwe bwamafaranga ubwabo :

Izi nkingi hamwe nitsinda ryabo bihuye nibi bikurikira :

Inkingi Amatsinda
Umuryango wibihugu bya Sahel-Sahara (CEN-SAD)
Isoko Rusange muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'Amajyepfo (COMESA)
Umuryango w'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba (EAC)
Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu byo muri Afurika yo Hagati (ECCAS / CEEAC) Umuryango w’ubukungu n’ifaranga muri Afurika yo hagati (CEMAC)
Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu bya Afurika y’iburengerazuba (ECOWAS) Ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’ifaranga rya Afurika y’iburengerazuba (UEMOA)



Agace k'ifaranga rya Afurika y'Iburengerazuba (WAMZ)

Inzego za Leta zishinzwe iterambere (IGAD)
Umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo (SADC) Ihuriro ry’amahoro muri Afurika yepfo (SACU)
Ubumwe bw'Abarabu Maghreb (UMA)

Andi mashyirahamwe yo muri Afrika yo mukarere, atitabira gahunda ya AEC ( benshi muribo bahanura AEC ) ni :

  • Agace gakomeye k'ubucuruzi bw'Abarabu ( GAFTA ) (umuryango w’ibihugu byinshi byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, harimo n’ibyo hanze ya Afurika )
  • Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu by’ibiyaga bigari ( CEPGL )
  • Komisiyo yo mu nyanja y'Abahinde ( COI )
  • Ubuyobozi bwa Liptako-Gourma ( LGA )
  • Ubumwe bwa Mano River ( MRU )

Abanyamuryango babo ni aba bakurikira :

GAFTA 1 CEPGL COI LGA MRU
Abanyamuryango 2005:
  •  Misiri
  •  Libiya
  •  Maroc
  •  Sudani
  • Tuniziya

Yinjiye nyuma:

  • 2009 : Alijeriya
1976 abanyamuryango:
  •  Burundi
  •  DR Congo
  •  Rwanda
Abanyamuryango 1984:
  •  Comoros
  •  Madagasikari
  •  Maurice
  •  Seychelles
Abanyamuryango 1970:
  •  Burkina Faso
  •  Mali
  •  Niger
Abanyamuryango 1973:
  •  Liberiya
  •  Siyera Lewone

Yinjiye nyuma:

  • 1980: Gineya
  • 2008:kote divuwari

1 Abanyamuryango ba Afrika GAFTA bonyine ni bo banditswe.



GAFTA na MRU nimwe mumiryango yonyine idahagaze.

AEC yashinzwe binyuze mu masezerano ya Abuja, yashyizweho umukono muri 1991 itangira gukurikizwa muri 1994 biteganijwe ko izashyirwaho mu byiciro bitandatu:

  1. ( byarangiye muri 1999 ) Gushiraho amashyirahamwe yakarere mukarere nkutarahari
  2. ( byarangiye muri 2007 ) Gushimangira kwishyira hamwe hagati ya REC no guhuza REC
  3. ( byarangiye muri 2021 ) Gushiraho agace k'ubucuruzi bwisanzuye hamwe n’ubumwe bwa gasutamo muri buri muryango w’akarere
  4. .
  5. ( kuzarangira muri 2025 ) Gushiraho umugabane rusange w’isoko rusange rya Afurika (ACM)
  6. .
  • Iherezo ryibihe byose byinzibacyuho: 2034 mugihe cyanyuma

Ibyiciro byiterambere

[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
  • Icyiciro cya 1 : Byarangiye, gusa abanyamuryango b’ubumwe bw’Abarabu Maghreb na Repubulika ya Sahrawi ntibitabira. Somaliya iritabira, ariko nta gushyira mubikorwa bifatika.
  • Icyiciro cya 2 : Iterambere rihamye, ntakintu gifatika kugenzura.
  • Icyiciro cya 3 :
Ihuriro ry’akarere - inkingi z’umuryango w’ubukungu nyafurika (AEC)
Igikorwa CEN-SAD COMESA EAC ECCAS ECOWAS IGAD SADC UMA
CEMAC Bisanzwe UEMOA WAMZ Bisanzwe SACU Bisanzwe
Agace k'ubucuruzi ku buntu yarahagaze gutera imbere 1 byuzuye byuzuye byasabwe mu 2007 ? byuzuye byasabwe yarahagaze byuzuye gutera imbere 2 yarahagaze
Ihuriro rya gasutamo yarahagaze byasabwe mu 2008 byuzuye byuzuye byasabwe mu 2011 ? byuzuye byasabwe mu 2007 yarahagaze byuzuye byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010 yarahagaze

Abanyamuryango batarayitabira: DR Congo ( mu biganiro byo kwinjiramo ), Eritereya, Etiyopiya, Seychelles ( mu biganiro byo kwinjiramo ), Swaziland (ku gusebanya kugeza igihe SACU itanze uburenganzira bwa Swaziland kwinjira muri FTA ), Uganda (kwinjira vuba cyane )



Abanyamuryango batitabira : Angola, DR Congo, Seychelles



  • Icyiciro cya 4 : Muri Werurwe 2018, ibihugu 49 by'Afurika byashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika ku buntu. Agace k'ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika katangiye gukora muri Nyakanga 2019, nyuma yo kwemezwa 22. [1] [2] Kuva muri 2021, 34 basinye babaye ababuranyi neza.
  • Icyiciro cya 5 : nta terambere ryigeze
  • Icyiciro cya 6 : nta terambere ryigeze

Iterambere muri rusange

[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Ibikorwa
Umuryango w’akarere Agace k'ubucuruzi ku buntu Ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’amafaranga Urugendo rwubuntu Amasezerano ya politiki Amasezerano yo kwirwanaho
Ihuriro rya gasutamo Isoko rimwe Ihuriro ry'ifaranga Nta viza Imipaka-munsi
AEC Igice kimwe byasabwe mu 2023 byasabwe mu 2023 byasabwe mu 2028 byasabwe mu 2023 byasabwe mu 2023 byasabwe mu 2028 byasabwe mu 2028
CEN-SAD byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010
COMESA gukurikizwa 1 byasabwe mu 2008 ? byasabwe muri 2018
EAC gukurikizwa gukurikizwa byasabwe mu 2015 byasabwe mu 2024 byasabwe muri 2018 [3] ? byasabwe mu 2023
ECCAS CEMAC gukurikizwa gukurikizwa ? gukurikizwa
Bisanzwe byasabwe mu 2007? byasabwe mu 2011? byasabwe byasabwe byasabwe ? gukurikizwa
ECOWAS UEMOA gukurikizwa gukurikizwa byasabwe gukurikizwa
WAMZ ? byasabwe muri 2012
Bisanzwe byasabwe 2 byasabwe mu 2007 byasabwe byasabwe gukurikizwa 1 byasabwe byasabwe gukurikizwa
IGAD
SADC SACU gukurikizwa gukurikizwa de facto iri mu bikorwa 1 ?
Bisanzwe [ <span title="Dead link tagged June 2017">ihuriro rihoraho</span> ] byasabwe muri 2008 3 byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010 byasabwe mu 2015 byasabwe mu 2016
UMA

ntabwo abanyamuryango bose bitabiriye



itumanaho, ubwikorezi ningufu - byasabwe



Ibicuruzwa byoroshye bigomba gutangwa kuva 2012


Agace k'ubucuruzi nyafurika

[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Kuri uyu wa gatatu, tariki ya 22 Ukwakira 2008, muri gace y’Ubucuruzi bw’Afurika (AFTZ) yatangajwe n’abayobozi b’umuryango w’iterambere ry’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo ( SADC ), Isoko rusange ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo ( COMESA ) n’umuryango w’Afurika y’iburasirazuba ( EAC ).

Muri Gicurasi 2012 igitekerezo cyongerewe kugirango kirimo ECOWAS, ECCAS na AMU. [4]

  1. Kede, Shoshana (2 April 2019). "Africa free trade agreement gets last ratification from Gambia". AfricanBusinessMagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
  2. "AfCFTA Agreement secures minimum threshold of 22 ratification as Sierra Leone and the Saharawi Republic deposit instruments". African Union. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  3. Ligami, Christabel (2017-04-17). "East Africa e-passports to be issued in 2018". theeastafrican.co.ke. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
  4. Africa free trade zone in operation by 2018