Umuryango wu bukungu bw’afurika

Umuryango w’ubukungu nyafurika ( AEC ) ni umuryango w’ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika ashyiraho ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubukungu hagati y’ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika . Intego zavuzwe n’uyu muryango zirimo gushyiraho uduce tw’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye, ihuriro ry’amahoro, isoko rimwe, banki nkuru, n’ifaranga rimwe ( reba ubumwe bw’imari ny'afurika ) bityo hashyirwaho ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’amafaranga .

Inkingi

Kugeza ubu muri Afurika hari imiryango myinshi yo mu karere, izwi kandi ku izina ry’ubukungu bw’akarere ( REC ), inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite abanyamuryango benshi. RECs igizwe ahanini n’amashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, ubufatanye bwa politiki na gisirikare. Inyinshi muri izi REC zigize inkingi za AEC, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite aho zihurira na bimwe mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango. Bitewe niki kigero kinini cyo guhuzagurika birashoboka ko leta zimwe zifite abanyamuryango benshi amaherezo zizava muri REC imwe cyangwa nyinshi. Benshi murizo nkingi zirimo kandi matsinda mato hamwe na gasutamo ikaze hamwe na cyangwa ubumwe bwamafaranga ubwabo :

Izi nkingi hamwe nitsinda ryabo bihuye nibi bikurikira :

Inkingi	Amatsinda
Umuryango wibihugu bya Sahel-Sahara (CEN-SAD)
Isoko Rusange muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba n'Amajyepfo (COMESA)
Umuryango w'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba (EAC)
Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu byo muri Afurika yo Hagati (ECCAS / CEEAC)	Umuryango w’ubukungu n’ifaranga muri Afurika yo hagati (CEMAC)
Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu bya Afurika y’iburengerazuba (ECOWAS)	Ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’ifaranga rya Afurika y’iburengerazuba (UEMOA) Agace k'ifaranga rya Afurika y'Iburengerazuba (WAMZ)
Inzego za Leta zishinzwe iterambere (IGAD)
Umuryango w’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo (SADC)	Ihuriro ry’amahoro muri Afurika yepfo (SACU)
Ubumwe bw'Abarabu Maghreb (UMA)

Andi mashyirahamwe yo muri Afrika yo mukarere, atitabira gahunda ya AEC ( benshi muribo bahanura AEC ) ni :

Agace gakomeye k'ubucuruzi bw'Abarabu ( GAFTA ) (umuryango w’ibihugu byinshi byo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, harimo n’ibyo hanze ya Afurika )
Umuryango w’ubukungu w’ibihugu by’ibiyaga bigari ( CEPGL )
Komisiyo yo mu nyanja y'Abahinde ( COI )
Ubuyobozi bwa Liptako-Gourma ( LGA )
Ubumwe bwa Mano River ( MRU )

Abanyamuryango babo ni aba bakurikira :

GAFTA ¹	CEPGL	COI	LGA	MRU
Abanyamuryango 2005: Misiri Libiya Maroc Sudani Tuniziya Yinjiye nyuma: 2009 : Alijeriya	1976 abanyamuryango: Burundi DR Congo Rwanda	Abanyamuryango 1984: Comoros Madagasikari Maurice Seychelles	Abanyamuryango 1970: Burkina Faso Mali Niger	Abanyamuryango 1973: Liberiya Siyera Lewone Yinjiye nyuma: 1980: Gineya 2008:kote divuwari

¹ Abanyamuryango ba Afrika GAFTA bonyine ni bo banditswe.

GAFTA na MRU nimwe mumiryango yonyine idahagaze.

AEC yashinzwe binyuze mu masezerano ya Abuja, yashyizweho umukono muri 1991 itangira gukurikizwa muri 1994 biteganijwe ko izashyirwaho mu byiciro bitandatu:

( byarangiye muri 1999 ) Gushiraho amashyirahamwe yakarere mukarere nkutarahari
( byarangiye muri 2007 ) Gushimangira kwishyira hamwe hagati ya REC no guhuza REC
( byarangiye muri 2021 ) Gushiraho agace k'ubucuruzi bwisanzuye hamwe n’ubumwe bwa gasutamo muri buri muryango w’akarere
.
( kuzarangira muri 2025 ) Gushiraho umugabane rusange w’isoko rusange rya Afurika (ACM)
.

Iherezo ryibihe byose byinzibacyuho: 2034 mugihe cyanyuma

Ibyiciro byiterambere

Icyiciro cya 1 : Byarangiye, gusa abanyamuryango b’ubumwe bw’Abarabu Maghreb na Repubulika ya Sahrawi ntibitabira. Somaliya iritabira, ariko nta gushyira mubikorwa bifatika.
Icyiciro cya 2 : Iterambere rihamye, ntakintu gifatika kugenzura.
Icyiciro cya 3 :

	Ihuriro ry’akarere - inkingi z’umuryango w’ubukungu nyafurika (AEC)
Igikorwa	CEN-SAD	COMESA	EAC	ECCAS		ECOWAS			IGAD	SADC		UMA
Igikorwa	CEN-SAD	COMESA	EAC	CEMAC	Bisanzwe	UEMOA	WAMZ	Bisanzwe	IGAD	SACU	Bisanzwe	UMA
Agace k'ubucuruzi ku buntu	yarahagaze	gutera imbere ¹	byuzuye	byuzuye	byasabwe mu 2007 ?	byuzuye		byasabwe	yarahagaze	byuzuye	gutera imbere ²	yarahagaze
Ihuriro rya gasutamo	yarahagaze	byasabwe mu 2008	byuzuye	byuzuye	byasabwe mu 2011 ?	byuzuye		byasabwe mu 2007	yarahagaze	byuzuye	byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010	yarahagaze

Abanyamuryango batarayitabira: DR Congo ( mu biganiro byo kwinjiramo ), Eritereya, Etiyopiya, Seychelles ( mu biganiro byo kwinjiramo ), Swaziland (ku gusebanya kugeza igihe SACU itanze uburenganzira bwa Swaziland kwinjira muri FTA ), Uganda (kwinjira vuba cyane )

Abanyamuryango batitabira : Angola, DR Congo, Seychelles

Icyiciro cya 4 : Muri Werurwe 2018, ibihugu 49 by'Afurika byashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika ku buntu. Agace k'ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika katangiye gukora muri Nyakanga 2019, nyuma yo kwemezwa 22. ^[1] ^[2] Kuva muri 2021, 34 basinye babaye ababuranyi neza.
Icyiciro cya 5 : nta terambere ryigeze
Icyiciro cya 6 : nta terambere ryigeze

Iterambere muri rusange

		Ibikorwa
Umuryango w’akarere		Agace k'ubucuruzi ku buntu	Ihuriro ry’ubukungu n’amafaranga			Urugendo rwubuntu		Amasezerano ya politiki	Amasezerano yo kwirwanaho
Umuryango w’akarere		Agace k'ubucuruzi ku buntu	Ihuriro rya gasutamo	Isoko rimwe	Ihuriro ry'ifaranga	Nta viza	Imipaka-munsi	Amasezerano ya politiki	Amasezerano yo kwirwanaho
AEC		Igice kimwe	byasabwe mu 2023	byasabwe mu 2023	byasabwe mu 2028	byasabwe mu 2023	byasabwe mu 2023	byasabwe mu 2028	byasabwe mu 2028
CEN-SAD		byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010
COMESA		gukurikizwa ¹	byasabwe mu 2008	?	byasabwe muri 2018
EAC		gukurikizwa	gukurikizwa	byasabwe mu 2015	byasabwe mu 2024	byasabwe muri 2018 ^[3]	?	byasabwe mu 2023
ECCAS	CEMAC	gukurikizwa	gukurikizwa	?	gukurikizwa
ECCAS	Bisanzwe	byasabwe mu 2007?	byasabwe mu 2011?	byasabwe	byasabwe	byasabwe	?		gukurikizwa
ECOWAS	UEMOA	gukurikizwa	gukurikizwa	byasabwe	gukurikizwa
	WAMZ			?	byasabwe muri 2012
	Bisanzwe	byasabwe ²	byasabwe mu 2007	byasabwe	byasabwe	gukurikizwa ¹	byasabwe	byasabwe	gukurikizwa
IGAD
SADC	SACU	gukurikizwa	gukurikizwa		de facto iri mu bikorwa ¹	?
SADC	Bisanzwe^{^{[ <span title="Dead link tagged June 2017">ihuriro rihoraho</span> ]}}	byasabwe muri 2008 ³	byasabwe mu mwaka wa 2010	byasabwe mu 2015	byasabwe mu 2016
UMA

ntabwo abanyamuryango bose bitabiriye

itumanaho, ubwikorezi ningufu - byasabwe

Ibicuruzwa byoroshye bigomba gutangwa kuva 2012

Agace k'ubucuruzi nyafurika

Kuri uyu wa gatatu, tariki ya 22 Ukwakira 2008, muri gace y’Ubucuruzi bw’Afurika (AFTZ) yatangajwe n’abayobozi b’umuryango w’iterambere ry’iterambere ry’Afurika yepfo ( SADC ), Isoko rusange ry’Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo ( COMESA ) n’umuryango w’Afurika y’iburasirazuba ( EAC ).

Muri Gicurasi 2012 igitekerezo cyongerewe kugirango kirimo ECOWAS, ECCAS na AMU. ^[4]

Reba kandi

Icyerekezo cy'ubukungu muri Afurika
Ubukungu bwa Afurika
Ubukungu bw’Umuryango w’Afurika

Reba

↑ Kede, Shoshana (2 April 2019). "Africa free trade agreement gets last ratification from Gambia". AfricanBusinessMagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
↑ "AfCFTA Agreement secures minimum threshold of 22 ratification as Sierra Leone and the Saharawi Republic deposit instruments". African Union. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
↑ Ligami, Christabel (2017-04-17). "East Africa e-passports to be issued in 2018". theeastafrican.co.ke. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
↑ Africa free trade zone in operation by 2018

Inkomoko

[AfricanBusiness-1] Kede, Shoshana (2 April 2019). "Africa free trade agreement gets last ratification from Gambia". AfricanBusinessMagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.

[AUInt-2] "AfCFTA Agreement secures minimum threshold of 22 ratification as Sierra Leone and the Saharawi Republic deposit instruments". African Union. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.

[TheEastAfrican-3] Ligami, Christabel (2017-04-17). "East Africa e-passports to be issued in 2018". theeastafrican.co.ke. Retrieved 2017-10-04.

[4] Africa free trade zone in operation by 2018

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