Uburundi

Repubulika y'u Burundi
	Repubulika y'Uburundi (ikirundi); République du Burundi (igifaransa)
; Ibendera	; Ikirango
	Intego: « Ubumwe, Ibikorwa, Amajambere »; Indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu: « Burundi Bwacu »
Amakuru y'ingenzi
Umurwa mukuru	Gitega (wa politiki); Bujumbura (w'ubukungu)
Umujyi munini	Bujumbura
Indimi zemewe	Ikirundi, Igifaransa, Icyongereza
Ubutegetsi	Repubulika, ubutegetsi bwa perezida
Perezida	Évariste Ndayishimiye (kuva mu 2020)
Minisitiri w'Intebe	Nestor Ntahontuye (kuva mu 2025)
Amateka
Ubwami	Ikinyejana cya 17
Ubwigenge	1 Nyakanga 1962 (ku Ububiligi)
Repubulika	28 Ugushyingo 1966
Ubuso n'abaturage
Ubuso	27 834 km²
Abaturage	≈ 14 150 000 (igereranya rya 2024)
Ubucucike	≈ 500 ku km²
Intara	5 (kuva mu 2025)
Ibindi
Ifaranga	Ifaranga ry'u Burundi (BIF)
Isaha	CAT (UTC+2)
Kode ya telefoni	+257
Domeni ya interineti	.bi

Uburundi, ku mugaragaro Repubulika y'u Burundi, ni igihugu kidakora ku inyanja giherereye muri Afurika yo hagati n'iy'Iburasirazuba, mu karere k'Ibiyaga Bigari. Gihana imbibi n'u Rwanda mu majyaruguru, Tanzaniya mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo, na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo mu burengerazuba, aho Ikiyaga cya Tanganyika kigitandukanya na yo. Umurwa mukuru wa politiki ni Gitega, naho Bujumbura ni wo murwa mukuru w'ubukungu n'umujyi munini. Ni kimwe mu bihugu bito kandi bituwe cyane muri Afurika.

Izina

Izina Uburundi rikomoka ku bwami bwa kera bw'Abarundi. Abaturage bacyo bitwa Abarundi (umuntu umwe: Umurundi), naho ururimi rwabo ni ikirundi, rwegeranye cyane n'ikinyarwanda.

Ururimi	Izina
Ikirundi	Repubulika y'Uburundi
Igifaransa	République du Burundi
Icyongereza	Republic of Burundi

Imiterere y'igihugu

Uburundi bufite ubuso bwa km² 27 834, bukaba bugizwe ahanini n'imisozi n'imirambi miremire. Mu burengerazuba hari ikibaya cya Rusizi n'inkengero z'Ikiyaga cya Tanganyika, hejuru yacyo hakaba umurongo w'imisozi itandukanya ibibaya by'inzuzi Kongo na Nili. Umusozi muremure ni Heha (m 2 684). Mu burasirazuba, uruzi Ruvubu rwisuka mu Kagera; isoko iri kure cyane mu majyepfo y'uruzi Nili ivugwa ko iri mu Burundi, mu ntara ya kera ya Bururi.^[1]

Ikirere ni icy'akarere gashyuha ariko koroherejwe n'ubutumburuke; igihugu kigira ibihe bibiri by'imvura n'ibihe by'izuba. Ishyamba rya Kibira, mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, rifatanye n'ishyamba rya Nyungwe ryo mu Rwanda.^[1]

Amateka

Ubwami bw'u Burundi

Ubwami bw'u Burundi bwavutse ahagana mu kinyejana cya 17, buyoborwa n'umwami (mwami) wafatwaga nk'umubyeyi w'igihugu, afashijwe n'abatware b'imiryango y'ibikomangoma (abaganwa). Ingoma yari ikimenyetso cy'ubwami.^[1]

Ubukoloni

Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, Uburundi bwinjijwe mu Ntara y'Abadage y'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Nyuma y'Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose, bwahawe Ububiligi ku buryo bw'ubutegetsi bwa Ishyirahamwe ry'Amahanga, bufatanywa n'u Rwanda mu cyitwaga Ruanda-Urundi. Nyuma ya 1946, bwabaye igihugu kirindwa n'Umuryango w'Abibumbye bukomeza kuyoborwa n'Ababiligi.^[1] Igikomangoma Louis Rwagasore, wari uyoboye ishyaka UPRONA ryatsinze amatora yo mu 1961, yishwe mu Ukwakira 1961.^[2]

Kuva ku bwigenge

Uburundi bwabonye ubwigenge ku wa 1 Nyakanga 1962 ari ubwami buyobowe n'umwami Mwambutsa IV. Mu 1966, Kapiteni Michel Micombero yakuyeho ubwami ashyiraho repubulika.^[1] Amateka y'igihugu nyuma y'ubwigenge yaranzwe n'amakimbirane hagati y'Abahutu n'Abatutsi, harimo ubwicanyi bwo mu 1972 n'ihirikwa ry'ubutegetsi ryinshi, nk'iryazanye Pierre Buyoya mu 1987.^[2]

Mu 1993, Melchior Ndadaye yabaye Perezida wa mbere w'Umuhutu watowe mu matora ya demokarasi, ariko yicwa nyuma y'amezi make, bituma igihugu cyinjira mu ntambara y'abenegihugu yahitanye abantu babarirwa mu 300 000. Uwamusimbuye, Cyprien Ntaryamira, yaguye mu ndege yarashwe i Kigali ku wa 6 Mata 1994. Amasezerano y'amahoro ya Arusha (2000) yashyizeho inzira yo kugabana ubutegetsi.^[2]

Mu 2005, Pierre Nkurunziza yatorewe kuba Perezida. Icyemezo cye cyo kwiyamamariza manda ya gatatu mu 2015 cyateje imyigaragambyo, igerageza ry'ihirikwa ry'ubutegetsi n'ihunga ry'Abarundi benshi bajya mu bihugu by'abaturanyi, harimo u Rwanda. Évariste Ndayishimiye yamusimbuye nyuma y'amatora yo mu 2020.^[2] Mu 2019, Gitega yagizwe umurwa mukuru wa politiki.^[3]

Politiki n'ubutegetsi

Uburundi ni repubulika iyobowe na Perezida, ari na we mukuru wa guverinoma, afashijwe na Visi-Perezida na Minisitiri w'Intebe. Inteko Ishinga Amategeko igizwe n'imitwe ibiri: Inteko Nshingamategeko na Sena. Ishyaka CNDD-FDD ni ryo riri ku butegetsi kuva mu 2005.^[3]

Kuva mu 2025, igihugu kigabanyijemo intara 5 — Buhumuza, Bujumbura, Burunga, Butanyerera na Gitega — zigabanyijemo amakomine 42, bisimbura intara 18 zabanzaga.^[4]

Abaturage n'indimi

Uburundi bufite abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 14 (igereranya rya 2024), benshi muri bo baba mu cyaro. Abarundi bagizwe n'Abahutu (≈ 85 %), Abatutsi (≈ 14 %) n'Abatwa (≈ 1 %).^[3]

Ikirundi ni ururimi rw'igihugu ruvugwa n'abaturage hafi ya bose; Igifaransa n'Icyongereza na zo ni indimi zemewe. Igiswahili kivugwa cyane cyane i Bujumbura no mu bucuruzi.^[3]

Amadini

Abenshi mu Barundi ni Abakirisitu: Abagatolika ni bo benshi, bagakurikirwa n'Abaporotesitanti. Hari kandi abayoboke ba Islamu bake n'abakurikiza imyemerere gakondo.^[3]

Umuco

Ingoma z'i Burundi zizwi ku isi yose. Mu 2014, imbyino gakondo y'ingoma y'ubwami yashyizwe na UNESCO ku rutonde rw'umurage ndangamuco udafatika w'abantu bose.^[5]

Ubukungu

Ubukungu bw'u Burundi bushingiye cyane ku buhinzi, bukoresha igice kinini cy'abakozi. Ibihingwa by'ingenzi byoherezwa mu mahanga ni ikawa n'icyayi; abaturage bahinga kandi igitoki, imyumbati, ibijumba, ibigori n'ibishyimbo.^[1] Uburundi ni kimwe mu bihugu bikennye cyane ku isi, bukaba bufite ibibazo byo kubura amadovize, ubucucike bw'abaturage n'imirire mibi.^[6]

Imibanire n'amahanga

Uburundi ni umunyamuryango w'Umuryango w'Abibumbye, w'Ubumwe bw'Afurika, n'Umuryango w'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba (EAC) kuva mu 2007. Ni kandi umunyamuryango w'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w'Ibihugu Bikoresha Igifaransa (OIF).^[3]

Amafoto

Bujumbura ibonwa uri kuri katedarali
Gitega, umurwa mukuru wa politiki
Imvubu mu Burundi
Ikiraro i Rutana
Igiseke, ubukorikori gakondo
Inanga, igikoresho cy'umuziki gakondo
Intara z'u Burundi (2025)

Inyandiko

1 2 3 4 5 6 "Burundi". Encyclopaedia Britannica (in Icyongereza).
1 2 3 4 "Burundi country profile". BBC News (in Icyongereza).
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Burundi". The World Factbook (in Icyongereza). Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
↑ "Repenser le territoire pour rapprocher le développement des citoyens". PNUD (in Igifaransa).
↑ "Ritual dance of the royal drum". UNESCO (in Icyongereza).
↑ "Burundi Overview". Banki y'Isi (in Icyongereza).

Reba kandi

Ingingo zijyanye

Ihuza ryo hanze

Présidence de la République du Burundi – urubuga rwa Perezidansi y'u Burundi (mu gifaransa)
Burundi – Encyclopaedia Britannica (mu cyongereza)
Burundi – The World Factbook (mu cyongereza)
Burundi – Banki y'Isi (mu cyongereza)

Igihugu muri Afurika

[brit-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Burundi". Encyclopaedia Britannica (in Icyongereza).

[bbc-2] 1 2 3 4 "Burundi country profile". BBC News (in Icyongereza).

[cia-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Burundi". The World Factbook (in Icyongereza). Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2026-10-08.

[undp-4] "Repenser le territoire pour rapprocher le développement des citoyens". PNUD (in Igifaransa).

[unesco-5] "Ritual dance of the royal drum". UNESCO (in Icyongereza).

[wb-6] "Burundi Overview". Banki y'Isi (in Icyongereza).

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