Isoko rimwe rya afurika ryo gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu kirere

Isoko rimwe ryo gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu kirere ( Single African Air Transport Market ( SAATM) ) ni umushinga w’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika yo gushyiraho isoko rimwe ryo gutwara indege muri Afurika. Iyo isoko rimwe imaze gukurikizwa, isoko rimwe rigomba kwemerera ubwisanzure bukomeye bwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu muri Afurika, igateza imbere gahunda ya AU 2063 . ^[1]

Icyambere, intego ya SAATM ni ugushyira m'ubikorwa by'imazeyo Icyemezo cya Yamoussoukro muri 1999. Ibi bivuze ko abitabiriye amahugurwa bose bemeye gukuraho imipaka y’isoko ry’indege, kuvanaho imipaka ku nyungu zabo, guha buri wese uburenganzira bwo kugenda mu kirere ( mbere y’ubwisanzure bwa gatanu, ntibibangamira uburenganzira bwa cabotage ), no guha uburenganzira bwo kuguruka no kugabanya ubushobozi. Indege zombi zitwara abagenzi n'imizigo zirimo. ^[2] Irashaka kandi guhuza amabwiriza y’umutekano n’umutekano mu ndege, ishingiye ku bisabwa na ICAO . Kugenzura SAATM bikorwa n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika, Umuryango w’ubukungu w’akarere, na komisiyo nyafurika ishinzwe indege za gisivili ( AFCAC ).

Amateka[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Inyungu yo kwishyira ukizana mu kirere, cyane cyane umudendezo wa gatanu, yemejwe bwa mbere mu itangazo rya Yamoussoukro ryo mu 1988. Iri tangazo ryongeye gushimangirwa mu 1999, igihe Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika watoye icyemezo cya Yamoussoukuro . Icyakora, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'icyemezo ryahuye n'inzitizi, kubera ko inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa zitatangiye gukora nk'uko biteganijwe mu masezerano. ^[3] Ibihugu byinshi bigize uyu muryango ntabwo byahaye uburenganzira bwa gatanu ubwisanzure ku ndege zituruka mu bindi bihugu. ^[4]

Mu mwaka wo muri 2015, Declaration for the Establishment of a Single African Air Transport Market ryashyizeho urwego rwi soko rimwe rishyira mu bikorwa icyemezo cya Yamoussoukro kizashyirwaho muri 2017. ^[2] Iki gihe ntarengwa cyongerewe gahunda yo gutangiza isoko rimwe mu nama ya 30 y’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Afurika yabereye i Addis Abeba . Aho, itangizwa rya SAATM ryashyizwe ku mugaragaro ku ya 28 Mutarama 2018 na Perezida w’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame, nk'umuyobozi mushya w’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika . Uyu muryango washatse kugira abanyamuryango 40 mu mpera za 2019.

Uruhare[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibihugu 23 bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika byabanje kwemera kwinjira muri SAATM nkabitabira gutangira. Nyakanga 2022 hari ibihugu 34 byitabiriye : ^[5]

Isuzuma[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Bamwe muri guverinoma n’indege za Afurika banenze umushinga. By'umwihariko indege ntoya, kimwe na guverinoma ya Uganda, bavuga ko ayo masezerano yatuma indege nke nini ziganje ku isoko, bityo bikazimya amarushanwa.

Banki nyafurika itsura amajyambere, hamwe n’abandi basesenguzi, yahanuye ko SAATM izageza ku ndege zihendutse, ubwinshi bw’abagenzi n’inyungu z’ubukungu.

Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ryo gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu kirere ryashimye Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika gutangiza isoko rimwe, ariko uraburira ko hazakenerwa byinshi kugira ngo iyi politiki ishyirwe mu bikorwa neza.

Abdérahmane Berthé, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’indege ny'afurika, yavuze ko icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyafashije ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya SAATM .