Umusozi wa Everest

Ibiwuranga 

Umusozi wa Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanised: Sagarmāthā; Tibetan: Chomolungma ཇོ་ མོ་ གླང་ མ; Igishinwa: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) ni umusozi muremure w'isi hejuru y’inyanja, uherereye mu gace ka Mahalangur Himal. Himalaya. Umupaka w'Ubushinwa na Nepal unyura mu mpinga yawo. Uburebure bwacyo (uburebure bwa shelegi) bwa 8.848.86 m (29,031 ft 8 + 1⁄2 in) bwashizweho vuba aha mu 2020 n’abayobozi b’Ubushinwa na Nepali.

Umusozi wa Everest ukurura abazamuka benshi, harimo nabanyamisozi bafite uburambe. Hariho inzira ebyiri nyamukuru zo kuzamuka, imwe yegera impinga kuva mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Nepal (izwi nka "inzira isanzwe") indi iva mumajyaruguru muri Tibet. Nubwo idafite ibibazo bikomeye byo kuzamuka mu buryo bwa tekiniki mu nzira isanzwe, Everest irerekana akaga nk'indwara zo mu butumburuke, ikirere, n'umuyaga, ndetse n'ingaruka ziterwa n'inkangu hamwe na Khumbu. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2019, abantu barenga 300 bapfiriye kuri Everest, inyinshi mu mibiri yabo ikaguma ku musozi.

Imbaraga za mbere zanditse kugirango tugere mu nama ya Everest zakozwe n'abasozi b'Abongereza. Kubera ko icyo gihe Nepal itemereraga abanyamahanga kwinjira muri icyo gihugu, Abongereza bagerageje inshuro nyinshi ku nzira yo mu majyaruguru iva mu ruhande rwa Tibet. Nyuma y’urugendo rwa mbere rw’iperereza n’abongereza mu 1921 rugeze kuri m 7000 (22,970 ft) kuri Col ya ruguru, urugendo rwo mu 1922 rwasunitse inzira y’imisozi y’amajyaruguru rugera kuri m 8.320 (27.300 ft), bikaba bibaye ubwa mbere umuntu azamuka hejuru ya m 8000 (26,247 ft). Urugendo rwo mu 1924 rwavuyemo rimwe mu mayobera akomeye kuri Everest kugeza na nubu: George Mallory na Andrew Irvine bagerageje inama ya nyuma ku ya 8 Kamena ariko ntibigera bagaruka, bituma havuka impaka zo kumenya niba ari bo ba mbere bageze ku isonga. Tenzing Norgay na Edmund Hillary bakoze inyandiko ya mbere ya Everest mu 1953, bakoresheje inzira yo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba. Norgay yari imaze kugera kuri m 8,595 (28.199 ft) umwaka ushize nkumunyamuryango w’urugendo rw’Abasuwisi 1952. Itsinda ry’abashinwa ry’imisozi rya Wang Fuzhou, Gonpo, na Qu Yinhua bakoze raporo ya mbere yazamutse ku mpinga iva mu misozi y’amajyaruguru ku ya 25 Gicurasi 1960..