Umukoresha:Priscille Nim/Kingdom of Rwanda

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flag(1962-2001)
flag(1959-1961)

Ubwami bw'u Rwanda ,mbere y' ubukoloni bwari ubwami bufitite izina rya "BANTU" muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. U Rwanda rwabonye ubwigenge bwarwo butagengwa n' ubutegetsi bw'abakoloni b'Abadage n'Ububiligi muri Revolution y'u Rwanda mu 1961 ari nabwo Ubwami bwakuweho. Nyuma ya referendumu yo mu 1961, u Rwanda rwabaye republika kandi rwabonye ubwigenge mu 1962.

Kuva ubwami bwakurwaho ku mugaragaro, urukiko rwo mu buhungiro rwakomereje mu mahanga. Umwami w'icyubahiro wu Rwanda ni Mwami Yuhi VI .

Amateka[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Mu kinyejana cya 15, umutware umwe yashoboye kwinjizamo uturere twinshi duturanye dushinga ubwami bw'u Rwanda nyuma yo gusenyuka ku Bwami bwa Bunyoro-Kitara (Ingoma ya Bachwezi), bwategekaga ibyinshi bifatwa nk'u Rwanda. Abenshi mu bahutu, 82-85% by'abaturage, ahanini bari abahinzi mu gihe abami bazwi ku izina rya Mwamis, muri rusange bakomoka mu Batutsi . Mubyukuri Abahutu bamwe bari abanyacyubahiro kandi, kimwe, kuvanga kwinshi kwarabaye. 

Mbere y'ikinyejana cya 19, abantu bemezaga ko abatutsi bari bafite ingufu z'ubuyobozi bwa gisirikare mu gihe Abahutu bari bafite imbaraga zo gukiza n'ubumenyi mu buhinzi. Muri urwo rwego, inama y’abajyanama ba Mwami ( abiiru ) yari Abahutu gusa kandi yagize uruhare rukomeye. Mu kinyejana cya 18 rwagati, ariko, abiiru bari barushijeho guhezwa. [1]

Umwanya w'umugabekazi wari uw'ingenzi, ucunga ingo z'umwami kandi wagira uruhare runini muri politiki y'urukiko. Iyo abahungu babo bazamutse ku ntebe y'ubwami, abagabekazi bafataga izina rishya. Ryabaga rigizwe na nyira-, bisobanura "nyina wa", bigakurikirwa, mubisanzwe, izina risanzwe ryumwami mushya; gusa abami bitwa Mutara ntibakurikiza aya masezerano, ba nyina bafata izina rya Nyiramuvugo (nyina w'inama nziza).

Igihe abami bashiraga hamwe imbaraga zabo n'ububasha bwabo, bagabanije ubutaka mubantu aho kubureka ngo bugabanuke binyuze mumatsinda, muri bo abatware benshi bakomokaho bakaba bari Abahutu. Benshi mu batware bashyizweho na Mwamis bari abatutsi. Isaranganya ry'ubutaka, ryashyizweho hagati ya 1860 na 1895 na Kigeli IV Rwabugiri, ryatumye hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugoboka, aho washyizweho n'abayobozi b'abatutsi basaba imirimo y'amaboko kugira ngo uburenganzira bw'Abahutu bwigarurire ubutaka bwabo. Sisitemu yasize Abahutu muburyo busa na serf hamwe nabatware b'abatutsi nka ba shebuja ba feudal.

Ku butegetsi bwa Mwami Rwabugiri, u Rwanda rwabaye igihugu cyagutse . Rwabugiri ntiyigeze ahangayikishwa no gusuzuma imiterere y'amoko y'abaturage batsinzwe kandi yise bose "Abahutu". Umutwe "Abahutu" rero, waje kuba indangamuntu ihuza amoko ajyanye no kuganduka. Nubwo gukomeza gutesha agaciro Abahutu mu mibereho no muri politiki, ibyo byafashije gushimangira igitekerezo cy'uko "Abahutu" n'Abatutsi "ari imibereho myiza y'abaturage, atari ubwoko, cyangwa itandukaniro. Mubyukuri, umuntu yashoboraga kwihutura, mugukusanya ubutunzi no kuzamuka binyuze mubyiciro rusange . 

Reba kandi[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Reba[hindura | hindura inkomoko]

  1. Swanson, Brent. "Rwanda's Voice: An Ethnomusicological Biography of Jean-Paul Samputu." PhD diss., 2014.