Umugezi wa Malewa

Umugezi wa Malewa izamuka mu misozi y'iburengerazuba ya Aberdare Range muri Kenya ikanyura mu majyepfo no mu burengerazuba mu kiyaga cya Naivasha mu kibaya kinini cya Rift. Ikiyaga cya Naivasha ni isoko y’amazi y’ibidukikije bikakaye, kandi ishyigikira ubucuruzi bw’indabyo n’ubuhinzi bw’indabyo ndetse n’ubukerarugendo. Amazi y’uruzi rwa Malewa yarushijeho kwangirika kubera ibikorwa byinshi byabantu murwego rwo hejuru. Ingaruka ndende zibi ku ijanisha ryimvura yinjira mukiyaga cya Naivasha ntabwo bisobanutse. Birashoboka ko mumyaka yimvura nkeya ijanisha rizagabanuka kubera gukuramo amazi, mugihe mumyaka yimvura nyinshi ijanisha rizamuka kubera ubutaka bwahinzwe bufite ubushobozi buke bwo gufata amazi no kwinjiza hejuru y’amazi arenga 100% nkumuhanda wa kaburimbo kandi impapuro z'icyuma, n'ibindi

Gufata

Umugezi wa Malewa ufata kilometero kare 1,730 (670 sq mi) utanga hafi 90% by'amazi atemba mu kiyaga cya Naivasha, igice kinini gisigaye kiva mu ruzi rwa Gilgil. Amazi y’umuyoboro munini wa Malewa ukomoka ku butumburuke bwa metero 3.700 (12.100 ft) mu misozi ya Nyandarua (Aberdare). Umugezi wacyo Wanjohi ugaburirwa ninzuzi ntoya zinyura mumisozi ya Aberdares. Indi migezi ni Turasha, Simba, Nyairoko na Ol Kalou. Inzuzi zo mu kibaya cya Malewa zirasa naho ari nto ariko zose zirahoraho[2]

Urwego rwa Aberdare rwakira milimetero 1200 (47 in) yimvura buri mwaka kandi rufite ahantu hanini h’ishyamba ryinshi. Imisozi miremire yatwawe na Malewa ni ibirunga kandi itanga sodium na calcium mumazi binyuze mubihe byimiterere yibitare. Sulfate mu mazi ituruka mu kirere. Igorofa ya Rift Valley ibona milimetero 600 gusa (24 in) buri mwaka kandi itwikiriwe cyane na scrub, hamwe nubutaka bwambaye ubusa. Imvura igeze hagati ya Mata na Kamena na none mu Kwakira na Ugushyingo. Isuri ni ryinshi muri aya mezi. [5]

Imikoreshereze y'ubutaka

Umugezi wa Malewa ugaburirwa ninzuzi zinyura mu kibaya cya Kinangop. Igihe kimwe, ikibaya cyari cyuzuyeho ubwatsi bwa tussocky hamwe nibiti bike cyane. Ibibaya bitemba byari bifite tussocky bogs nyinshi. Ikibaya cyatuwe n'abahinzi ba Kikuyu kuva mu myaka ya za 1960. Bahinze igice kinini cy'ubutaka kugirango bahinge ibigori, ingano, imyumbati n'ibirayi. Ibishanga ahanini byumye. Iyo amazi atabigambiriye, ibiti byatewe ku nkingi n’ibiti byinjije amazi. Ikigamijwe ni uguhinga cyane ibihingwa byibiribwa n ibihingwa byamafaranga.7]

Ibibazo

Uruzi rwugarijwe no gutema amashyamba no kuyungurura, kongera amazi yo kuhira, no guhumana n’ifumbire n’udukoko twangiza. Muri Kanama 1997, amazi menshi y’uruzi rwa Malewa yuzuyemo imyanda yagutse agera kuri metero 500 mu kiyaga cya Naivasha. Kubona umutungo kamere n'amasoko ntabwo bingana mukarere. Amakimbirane y'amazi arasanzwe kandi ubukene burakwiriye. Kunoza imikorere yo gucunga umutungo bishobora gutera iterambere ryinshi mukugabanya umwanda nisuri. [9]

Reba

Inkomoko

Birdlife International. "KE004: Kinangop grasslands". Retrieved 2011-12-28.
Darwin Initiative (2006-07-05). "Kinangop Plateau Nature Reserve Management Plan" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2011-12-28.
Hamududu, Byman, H (1998). "Erosion assessment for large basins using remote sensing and GIS". International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences, Netherlands. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
Gherardi, Francesca (2007). Biological invaders in inland waters: profiles, distribution and threats. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-6028-1.
Harper, David M. (2003). Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-1236-5.
"Lake Naivasha - Malewa River Basin Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) Programme". WWF Global. Retrieved 2011-01-02.
Ogweno, Luke Philip (2009). "Hydrological analysis of Malewa watershed as a basis for implementing payment for environmental services (PES)". Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
Young, T. P. (1996). East African ecosystems and their conservation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510817-5.