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Umugezi wa Kwango

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Uruzi rwa Cuango cyangwa Kwango (mu Giporutugali: Rio Cuango; mu Gifaransa: Rivière Kwango; mu Giholandi: Kwango Rivier) ni uruzi runyura mu bihugu bibiri, ari yo Angola na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Ni umugezi munini kurusha indi winjira mu ruzi rwa Kasaï uturutse i buryo bw'ibumoso (left bank tributary), mu kibaya cy'uruzi rwa Kongo. Runyura mu ntara ya Malanje muri Angola. Ikibaya cy'uruzi rwa Kwango gifite ubutunzi bunini bw'amabuye y'agaciro (diyama, cyane cyane mu karere ka Chitamba-Lulo Kimberlite Cluster mu ntara ya Lunda Norte, wavumbuwe mu mugezi nyamukuru ndetse no mu mibande n'ahantu hatambutsa amazi (flood plains) hegereye uruzi. Mu kinyejana cya 19, uruzi rwa Kwango rwitwaga Quango, cyane cyane mu nyandiko z'umushakashatsi David Livingstone . [1]

Ubwami bwa Rund, bwagutse buhinduka ubwami bwa Lunda, bwari bugizwe n'uturere twavaga ku ruzi rwa Kwango kugeza ku ruzi rwa Luapula . Abategetsi babwo bitabiriye ubucuruzi bw'abacakara . [2] Kwaguka kwa Lunda mu kibaya byateje imbere umurage wa politiki n'umuco rusange, ndetse binateza imbere ubucuruzi bw'abacakara, bitewe n'ubucucike bw'abaturage buri hagati y'imigezi ya Kwango na Kwilu .

Abanyaporutugali bakoroneje ikibaya cy'uruzi rwa Kwango, banyaga ubwami bwa Kasanje. Uruzi rwa Kwango rwarebwaga n'amasezerano y'Ubuporutugali yashyiriweho umukono i Lisbonne ku itariki ya 25 Gicurasi 1891, ndetse n'Itangazo ryo ku itariki ya 24 Werurwe. 1894.[3]

Cuango, iherereye mu Ntara ya Lunda Norte mu kibaya cy'uruzi rwa Cuango, ifatwa nk' "iri mu mutima w'amabuye y'agaciro mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Angola", agace ka diyama gakungahaye cyane muri Angola. Uyu mujyi wagize uruhare runini mu ntambara y'abenegihugu ya Angola, kuko ingabo za Uniao National zombi zagerageje gufata no gufata umujyi. UNITA yashyikirije guverinoma umujyi ku ya 30 Nzeri 1997, nk'igice cy'amasezerano ya Lusaka . [4]

 

Cuango ituruka mu misozi miremire ya Alto Chicapa mu ntara ya Lunda Sul muri Angola, ikamanuka mu majyepfo y'amajyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, ikambuka umupaka na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, ikanahurira n'uruzi rwa Kasai hafi y'umujyi wa Bandundo . Nyuma yaho, isuka mu ruzi rwa Kongo . [4] Uruzi ruzamuka mu kibaya cya Lunda, rukora ikibaya kinini. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2025)">Icyitonderwa kirakenewe</span> ]

Uruzi rwa Kwango rufite 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) uburebure kuva aho isoko yacyo iherereye kugeza aho ihurira n'uruzi rwa Kongo, muri rwo hakaba 855 kilometres (531 mi) iherereye muri Angola. [5] [6] Uruzi rutemba amazi ku buso bwose bwa 263,500 square kilometres (101,700 sq mi) . Inkombe yayo y'iburyo ni imigezi ya Wamba na Kwilu. [7]

Cuango ifite amasumo menshi n'imigezi myinshi. [7] Uburyo bwo kugenda buboneka cyane cyane mu nkengero zo hasi z'uruzi, bufite uburebure bwa 307 kilometres (191 mi) kuva ku kanwa kayo kugera ku mugezi wa Kingushi. Uburyo bwo kugenda igice burashoboka no hagati mu ruzi hagati ya Kingushi n'amazi ya Franz Josef mu ntera ya 300 kilometres (190 mi) . [7]

Imvura igwa mu ruzi mu gihe cy'amezi make iba mu kwezi kwa Kanama. Impuzandengo y'amazi asohoka mu mwaka mu nkengero z'uruzi ni 2,700 cubic metres per second (95,000 cu ft/s)* [7]

Ikibaya cy'uruzi gituwe n'imiryango ya Yaka, Abasuku, Abambala, n'Abapende . Ubuhanga bwabo mu bukorikori bugaragara mu buryo bw'udupfukamunwa mu miterere y'ibishushanyo, n'ibindi bintu bibajwe. [8]

Nubwo uruzi rukoreshwa mu kuroba, [7] ikibaya cyaratunganyijwe ku buryo gitanga ubuhinzi bwo kwibeshaho gusa. Icyagaragaye mu mateka ni umusaruro w'amavuta y'amapamu na kawucu. [9] [10]

Ibikorwa by'ingenzi mu bukungu n'amafaranga Leta ya Angola yinjiza biva mu gucukura diyama mu kibaya. Ikibaya cy'uruzi gifite isoko ryinshi rya diyama mu itsinda rya Chitamba-Lulo Kimberlite Cluster mu Ntara ya Lunda Norte, ryavumbuwe mu muyoboro munini w'uruzi no ku materase yo mu kibaya cyuzuyemo imyuzure. Intara za Lunda Norte na Lund Sul mu kibaya cy'uruzi zigize umubare munini w'ibirombe bya diyama mu kibaya no muri Angola. [11]

Impushya zo gushakisha zahawe BRC, zigera ku buso bwa 2,150 kilometres (1,340 mi) hagati ya Tembo na Kasonga Lunda hejuru y'uruzi rwa Kwango rufite uburebure bwa 185 kilometres (115 mi) . [12] Dukurikije uruhushya rwo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro rufitwe na Soiadale de Desenvolvimento Mineiro (SDM), uturere dukorerwamo imirimo y’ubucukuzi turi ku miyoboro ya Tazua na Ginge River kuri Cuango. [13] [14]

  1. ↑ Livingstone, Justin D. (2019). "Glossary of Key Terms in the Missionary Travels Manuscript". Livingstone Online. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  2. ↑ Bethwell A. Ogot (July 1992). Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. UNESCO. pp. 580, 601, 605. ISBN 978-92-3-101711-7. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  3. ↑ Brownlie, Ian; Burns, Ian R. (1979). African boundaries: a legal and diplomatic encyclopaedia. C. Hurst. p. 492. ISBN 978-0-903983-87-7. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  4. 1 2 James, W. Martin; Broadhead, Susan Herlin (2004). Historical dictionary of Angola. Scarecrow Press. pp. 41–. ISBN 978-0-8108-4940-2. Retrieved 25 January 2011. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "JamesBroadhead2004" defined multiple times with different content.
  5. ↑ "Kwango River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  6. ↑ "Kwango". The Free Dictionary by Farlex of The Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Kwango". Retrieved 24 January 2011. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Free" defined multiple times with different content.
  8. ↑ "Kwango River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  9. ↑ Fish, Bruce; Fish, Becky Durost (May 2001). The Congo. Infobase Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-7910-6198-5. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  10. ↑ Heintze, Beatrix (2008). Angola on the move: transport routes, communications and history. Verlag Otto Lembeck. p. 85. ISBN 978-3-87476-553-4. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  11. ↑ "De Beers, diamonds and Angola developing an understanding". Dockstock – Documents for Special Business and Professionals. pp. 37–39. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  12. ↑ "Kwango River Project". BRC Congo Development S.P.R.L.; Kwango Mining S.P.R.L. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
  13. ↑ "Technical Review Of Diamond Concessions On The Cuango River, Northern Angola" (PDF). A C A Howe International Limited. 2003. p. 8.
  14. ↑ "Alphabetical Locality Index – T". mindat.org. Tazua Mine, Luzamba, Cuango City Council, Lunda Norte Province, Angola

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