Uburenganzira bwite kumutungo
Kuba nyir'ubwite ni leta cyangwa ukuri gutunga amategeko no kugenzura umutungo, ushobora kuba umutungo uwo ariwo wose, ugaragara cyangwa udafatika. Nyirubwite arashobora kubamo uburenganzira bwinshi, twese hamwe twavuga nkumutwe, ushobora gutandukana kandi ufashwe nimpande zitandukanye.
Inzira hamwe nubukanishi bwa nyirubwite biragoye rwose: umuntu arashobora kunguka, kwimura, no gutakaza nyirubwite muburyo butandukanye. Kugirango ubone imitungo umuntu arashobora kuyigura namafaranga, kuyigurisha kubindi bintu, kuyitsindira inshuti, kuyakira nkimpano, kuyungura, kuyisanga, kuyakira nkibyangiritse, kuyinjiza mukora akazi cyangwa gukora serivisi, kuyikora , cyangwa urugo. Umuntu arashobora kwimura cyangwa gutakaza nyir'umutungo awugurisha amafaranga, kuwuhana undi mutungo, kuwutanga nk'impano, kuwusimbuza undi, cyangwa kuwambura nyirubwite binyuze mu nzira zemewe n'amategeko nko kwirukana, kwamburwa, gufatira, cyangwa gufata. Kuba nyirubwite arikwirakwiza kuko nyir'umutungo uwo ariwo wose nawe azagira inyungu zubukungu bwuwo mutungo.
Amateka[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Mu binyejana byinshi ndetse no mumico itandukanye, imyumvire yerekeye "umutungo" nuburyo ifatwa mumico yagiye itandukana cyane. Kuba nyir'ubwite ni ishingiro ry’ibindi bitekerezo byinshi bigize urufatiro rw’imiryango ya kera n’iki gihe nk’amafaranga, ubucuruzi, ideni, guhomba, ubugizi bwa nabi bw’ubujura, n’umutungo bwite n’umutungo rusange. Kuba nyir'ubwite ni urufunguzo rw'inyubako mu iterambere rya gahunda y’imibereho n’ubukungu. Adam Smith yavuze ko rimwe mu mategeko yera y’ubutabera ari ukurinda ibintu umuntu atunze.