Ubukerarugendo muri Mali
Ubukerarugendo muri Mali ntabwo bwateye imbere neza. Kubera ibibazo bijyanye n’ibikorwa remezo, uMuri icyo gihe ubukerarugendo ntibwari buteye imbere kugeza igihe habereyeho impinduka zo kwakira igikombe cy'Afurika mu mwaka wa 2002 . Icyakora, kubera amakimbirane yo muri Mali y'Amajyaruguru hamwe n’ibikorwa by’iterabwoba, byagaragaye ko ba mukerarugendo bagabanutse kuva 200,000 mu mwaka wa 2011 ugera ku 10,000 mu myaka yakurikiye. Igihugu gifite amazu ane ndangamurage wa UNESCO, harimo na Timbuktu .
Inshamake[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Iterambere ry’inganda z’ubukerarugendo ryabujijwe n’ibikorwa remezo byo gutwara abantu bidahagije ndetse n’ibura ry’amahoteri y’abashyitsi. Mali yakiriye amarushanwa y'umupira w'amaguru w'Afurika mu mwaka wa 2002. Mu rwego rwo gutegura iki gikorwa, guverinoma yashyize mu bikorwa gahunda y’iterambere ry’imibereho yiswe "Mali 2002". Inganda z'ubukerarugendo zabonye umusaruro mwiza kubera iki gikorwa.[1] Icyakora, kuva icyo gihe, amakimbirane yakomeje gutuma ubukerarugendo bugabanuka kubera ingaruka zkomeje kubaho zo kwibasirwa abanyamahanga. [2]
Mu ntangiriro y'umwaka wa 2000, buri mwaka ba mukerarugendo bagera ku 90,000 basuraga igihugu cya Mali. [1] Ibi byariyongereye bigera ku 200,000 mu mwakwa wa 2011, ariko nyuma y’ibitero byibasiye ba mukerarugendo no kuva mu bucuruzi bw’abakerarugendo, ibi byagabanutse kugera ku 10,000 mu mwaka wakurikiyeho.
Umuburo urwanya ubukerarugendo[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, ibiro by’ububanyi n’amahanga n’umuryango w’abibumbye w’Ubwongereza bwasabye kwirinda ingendo izarizo zose ndetse nizingenzi mu turere twinshi tw’igihugu, no guhagarika burundu ingendo mu bandi. Nubwo ibi bidasobanuye ko abagenzi baturuka mubwongereza badashobora kujyayo, bagomba kubikora nkabigenga kandi nta bwishingizi bafite. Nta ndege zerekeza muri Mali ziva mu Bwongereza, nta n’abakora ingendo nini mu Bwongereza batanga ingendo muri iki gihugu. Irasobanura uko ibintu byifashe muri Mali "bitarahungabana kandi hakaba hari ibikorwa by’iterabwoba bikomeye, ibitero bitavangura, harimo n'ahantu hakunze kuba abanyamahanga ndetse n'abagenzi b'abanyamahanga.", anagaragaza uburyo bushobora buhorera ba mukerarugendo bo mu Burengerazuba nyuma y’uko Ubufaransa bwagize uruhare mu makimbirane yo mu majyaruguru ya Mali 2013.
Ibikurura[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Iminsi mikuru[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Igihugu cyari cyaramenyekanye cyane mu minsi mikuru yacyo, cyane cyane Iserukiramuco ry'ubutayu ryabaye kuva mu waka wa 2001 ariko rihagarikwa mu mwaka wa 2013 kubera ibibazo by’umutekano.
Inzu ndangamurage z'isi za UNESCO[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Mali ifite amazu ane ndangamurage y'isi ya UNESCO, harimo n’umujyi uzwi cyane wa Timbuktu . Uru ruri ku rutonde rw’akaga rwa UNESCO kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, uyu muryango uvuga ko ari "umurwa mukuru w’ubwenge n’umwuka ndetse n’ikigo cyo gukwirakwiza idini rya Islam muri Afurika mu kinyejana cya 15 na 16, imisigiti yacyo uko ari itatu ikomeye ariyo, Djingareyber, Sankore na Sidi Yahia, ibuka ibihe bya zahabu bya Timbuktu. Nubwo bikomeje kugarurwa, inzibutso muri iki gihe zibangamiwe n’ubutayu. " Ahandi hatatu harimo Escarpment ya Bandiagara, Djenné hamwe n’imva ya Askia .