Sitasiyo y'Amashanyarazi

Sitasiyo ya Athlone iri muri Cape Town, Afrika yepfo

Amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi ku rugomero rwa Gabčíkovo, Slowakiya

Amashanyarazi ku rugomero rwa Glen Canyon, muri Arizona

Sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi, cyangwa uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rimwe na rimwe ni uruganda rutanga amashanyarazi, ni uruganda rukora amashanyarazi . Amashanyarazi muri rusange ahujwe na giride y'amashanyarazi .

Amashanyarazi menshi arimo ahari moteri imwe cyangwa nyinshi, imashini izunguruka ihindura ingufu za mashini mu mashanyarazi atatu . Icyerekezo kigereranije hagati yu murongo wa manyeti n'uyobora ikora amashanyarazi .

Inkomoko yingufu zikoreshwa muguhindura generator ziratandukanye cyane. Amashanyarazi menshi ku isi atwika ibicanwa nka amakara, peteroli, na gaze karemano kugirango bitange amashanyarazi. Amashanyarazi make ya karubone arimo ingufu za kirimbuzi, no gukoresha ibishobora kuvugururwa nk'izuba, umuyaga, geothermal, na hydroelectirike .

Amateka

Muri ntangiriro za 1871, uwahimbye umubiligi Zénobe Gramme yahimbye generator ifite imbaraga zihagije zitanga ingufu ku rwego rw’ubucuruzi ku nganda.

Muri 1878, sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi yateguwe kandi yubatswe na William, Lord Armstrong ahitwa Cragside, mu Bwongereza . Yakoresheje amazi ava mu biyaga kumurima we kugirango ingufu za Siemensi . Amashanyarazi yatangaga amashanyarazi ku matara, gushyushya, kubyara amazi ashyushye, gukora lift hamwe nibikoresho bizigama abakozi ninyubako zu buhinzi.

Muri Mutarama 1882 , sitasiyo ya mbere y’amashanyarazi rusange y’amakara ku isi, Edison y’amashanyarazi ya Edison, yubatswe i Londres, umushinga wa Thomas Edison wateguwe na Edward Johnson . Imashini ya Babcock & Wilcox yakoresheje kilowate 93 moteri yatwaraga moteri zigera 27. Ibi byatanze amashanyarazi muri bibanza byo muri ako gace byashoboraga kugerwaho binyuze mu miyoboro ya gari ya moshi utabanje gucukura umuhanda, wari wiharira amasosiyete ya gaze. Abakiriya barimo Urusengero rw'umujyi na Bailey ishaje . Undi mukiriya w'ingenzi yari Ibiro bya Telegraph by'Ibiro Bikuru by'Amaposita, ariko ntibyashobokaga kugerwaho binyuze mu mwobo. Johnson yateguye umugozi wo gutanga kugirango ukoreshwe hejuru, unyuze kuri Holborn Tavern na Newugate .

Diynamosi na moteri yashyizwe muri Edison General Electric Companyi, New York muri 1895

Amashanyarazi

Rotori ya turibine igezweho, ikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi

Muri 2018, Inter RAO UES na Grid ya Leta, hateganijwe kubaka urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwa wate 8 GW, akaba ariwo mushinga munini wo kubaka urugomero rw'amashanyarazi muri Burusiya .

Ibyiciro

Guhagarika modulari muri rusange amashanyarazi. Imirongo ya dashe yerekana inyongera zidasanzwe nka cycle hamwe na cogeneration cyangwa kubika kubushake.

Urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwitiriwe Mutagatifu Clair, sitasiyo nini itanga amakara i Michigani, muri Amerika

Imbaraga zituruka ku mbaraga zishobora kubaho

Amashanyarazi arashobora kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi ziva mu rugomero rwa mashanyarazi .

Amashanyarazi

Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwa Nellis muri Nevada, muri Amerika

Umuyaga

Umuyaga uhuha muri Texas, muri Amerika

Biomass

Metz biomasi

Sitasiyo ya kirimbuzi ya Koeberg, Afurika y'Epfo

Amashanyarazi manini akoreshwa n’a makara, nucleaire, n’amashanyarazi arashobora kubyara megawate amagana kuri gigawate nyinshi. Ingero zimwe :

icyumba cya control y'amashanyarazi

 

Ihuza ryo hanze

• Sisitemu yo Kumenyekanisha Amashanyarazi (KKS)
• Amashanyarazi manini manini kwisi
• Ububikoshingiro bw’ibyuka byangiza imyuka y’amashanyarazi ku isi yose (Monitoring Monitoring for Action: CARMA)
• Net vs Gross Ibisohoka Ibipimo Byabitswe kuva mwimerere (pdf) ku ya 21 Ukwakira 2012
• Gupima ingufu z'amashanyarazi Yabitswe uhereye ku mwimerere (pdf) ku ya 2 Ukwakira 2012