Kibeho

Ingoro ya Bikira Mariya y'i Kibeho
	; Kiliziya ya Kibeho
Aho iherereye	Kibeho, Nyaruguru, u Rwanda
Idini	Kiliziya Gatolika
Diyosezi	Gikongoro
Yeguriwe	Bikira Mariya w'Ububabare
Amabonekerwa	1981–1989
Kwemerwa	29 Kamena 2001
Ibuye ry'ifatizo	1992
Bazilika	2021 (abantu 10 000 imbere)
Abayobozi	Abapadiri b'Abapalotini (kuva 2003)
Umunsi mukuru	28 Ugushyingo
Abagenzi	500 000+ ku mwaka

Kibeho
Kibeho
Umurenge
	Ingoro ya Bikira Mariya y'i Kibeho
	Aho Kibeho iherereye mu Rwanda
Igihugu	Rwanda
Intara	Amajyepfo
Akarere	Nyaruguru
Population (2022)
• Total	25.885
Ubuso	km² 78,54
Aho iherereye	2°38′S 29°33′E
Isaha	CAT (UTC+2)
Website	kibeho-sanctuary.com

Kibeho ni umwe mu mirenge y'akarere ka Nyaruguru, mu Ntara y'Amajyepfo y'u Rwanda. Ufite ubuso bwa km² 78,54 n'abaturage 25 885 (ibarura rya 2022).

Kibeho izwi ku isi yose kubera amabonekerwa ya Bikira Mariya yahabaye kuva mu 1981 kugeza mu 1989, akaba ari yo mabonekerwa ya mbere yo muri Afurika yemewe ku mugaragaro na Kiliziya Gatolika.

Amabonekerwa ya Bikira Mariya

Inyandiko nyamukuru: Bikira Mariya w'Ikibeho

Ababonekewe

Ku wa 28 Ugushyingo 1981, Alphonsine Mumureke (imyaka 17), wigaga mu ishuri ryisumbuye ry'abakobwa rya Kibeho, yavuze ko yabonekewe n'umubyeyi mwiza cyane wiyise "Nyina wa Jambo". Yamuvuzeho ko yari umugore mwiza utari umwirabura cyangwa umuzungu, wari uhagaze hejuru y'ubutaka yambaye ikanzu itagira umurongo.

Nyuma y'aho, abandi banyeshuri babiri na bo bavuze ko babonekewe:

Nathalie Mukamazimpaka (imyaka 20), guhera muri Mutarama 1982;
Marie-Claire Mukangango (imyaka 21), guhera muri Werurwe 1982.

Mu ntangiriro, abayobozi b'ishuri n'abandi bantu benshi ntibabyemeye, ariko buhoro buhoro imbaga y'abantu itangira kuza i Kibeho. Ku wa 31 Gicurasi no ku wa 1 Kamena 1982, abantu bagera ku bihumbi 10 bari bateraniye aho kugira ngo bakurikire amabonekerwa. Amabonekerwa ya Alphonsine yakomeje kugeza ku wa 28 Ugushyingo 1989.

Ubutumwa

Ubutumwa abo bakobwa bavuze ko bahawe bwibanze cyane kuri ibi:

Kwisubiraho no guhinduka k'umutima nta buryarya;
Gusenga ubudahwema, cyane cyane Rozari;
Ishapure y'ububabare burindwi bwa Bikira Mariya;
Gusabira Kiliziya no kwemera ko kubabara bifitiye agakiza akamaro;
Kubaka chapelle i Kibeho mu cyubahiro cya Bikira Mariya.

Iyerekwa ryo muri Kanama 1982

Muri Kanama 1982 (cyane cyane ku wa 15 no ku wa 19), imbere y'imbaga y'abantu bagera ku bihumbi 10, abo babonekewe bavuze ko beretswe amashusho ateye ubwoba: imigezi y'amaraso, abantu bicana, imitwe yaciwe n'imirambo itagira uyishyingura. Nyuma, benshi babifashe nk'umuburo wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994, yahitanye abantu basaga ibihumbi 800 mu minsi 100.

Kwemerwa na Kiliziya

15 Kanama 1988: Musenyeri Augustin Misago, Umwepiskopi wa Diyosezi Gatolika ya Gikongoro, yemeye ko abakirisitu basengera i Kibeho ku mugaragaro.
29 Kamena 2001: Musenyeri Misago yemeje ku mugaragaro amabonekerwa ya Alphonsine, Nathalie na Marie-Claire.
Umunsi mukuru wa Bikira Mariya w'i Kibeho wizihizwa buri mwaka ku wa 28 Ugushyingo.

Ingoro ya Bikira Mariya

Ingoro ya Bikira Mariya y'i Kibeho yeguriwe Bikira Mariya w'Ububabare (Notre-Dame des Douleurs). Ibuye ry'ifatizo ryashyizweho mu 1992. Kuva mu 2003 iyoborwa n'Abapadiri b'Abapalotini. Nyuma ya Jenoside yo mu 1994 ingoro yaraguwe cyane: bazilika nshya ishobora kwakira abantu ibihumbi 10 imbere n'ibihumbi 100 ku mbuga yayo yuzuye mu Ugushyingo 2021.

I Kibeho habera amasengesho menshi atandukanye; azwi cyane ni aba ku itariki ya 15 Kanama buri mwaka, ku munsi w'Ijyanwa mu ijuru rya Bikira Mariya, n'aya 28 Ugushyingo. Hari kandi ubutaka butagatifu n'amazi abakirisitu Gatolika bizera ko akiza indwara, bituma bayita amazi y'umugisha.^[1] Ubu Kibeho yakira abagenzi barenga ibihumbi 500 buri mwaka.

Jenoside n'ubwicanyi bwo mu 1995

Muri Mata 1994, mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ibihumbi by'Abatutsi bari bahungiye muri kiliziya ya Kibeho barahiciwe. Marie-Claire Mukangango, umwe mu babonekewe, yaburiwe irengero muri icyo gihe.

Nyuma ya Jenoside, i Kibeho hashyizwe inkambi y'abavanywe mu byabo yari nini kurusha izindi mu Rwanda, ikaba yari ku buso bwa km² 9 kandi icumbikiye abantu bari hagati y'ibihumbi 80 n'ibihumbi 100. Muri Mata 1995, igihe inkambi yafungwaga, abantu benshi bahiciwe, ibyo bikaba byarabonywe n'abasirikare ba UNAMIR n'abakozi b'imiryango mpuzamahanga.