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Imbogamizi ziri munsi y’ubutayu bwa sahara

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia
Ikarita yereka ibihugu byo munsi y'ubutayu bwa sahara
Sahara desert
Sahara
Sahara Sahel sub-Saharan Africa
Ubutayu bwo muri Moroccan
Uburengerazuba bwubutayu bwa sahara
Moonrise in the Sahara Desert, near Zagora, Morocco
Ikarita y'afurica

Igice cy’Umugabane w’Afurika cyo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara kiza mu bice by’uyu mugabane bifite imbogamizi nyinshi zibangamira iterambere ryacyo. Muziza imbere ni ibura ry’imirimo, imihindagurikire ya politiki ndetse’izindi, nk’uko bigaragara muri raporo ya World Economic Forum ya 2019.

Ibura ry’imirimo

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Muri iki gice cy’Afurika, ntabwo ikirebana n’umurimo kibiru gukomeza kwibazwaho. Gusa, ukuri n’ubundi kwerekana ko iki gice gifite imibare iri hejuru mu ibira ry’akazi.

Hagendewe ku mibare y’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga gishinzwe Umurimo (ILO), cyerekana ko munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara abadafite imirimo bari ku kigero cya 6%, ko ndetse n’abafite ibyo bakora ari abakorera mu buryo bubi, bo bari kuri 70%. Umubare w’abakora imirimo mibi munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara bigaragara ko iri hejuru ugereranyije n’imibare y’isi yose, yari ku kigero cya 46% mu 2019.

Bigaragazwa ko kandi bamwe mu bafite imirimo usanga baba badafite ubumenyi buhagije cyangwa se buri hasi/buciriritse—cyane ko iki gice cy’Afurika gifite uburezi buri hasi.

Ishoramari riri hasi mu bikorwa remezo

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Byemezwa na benshi ko iki ari kimwe mu bikumira izamuka n’ikura ry’ubukungi bw’umugabane muri rusange. Hashingiwe kuri raporo za Banki Nyafurika Itsura amajyambere (AfDB), yerekana ko hari ibikorwa remezo bidahaje mu bice by’imbaraga, amazi ndetse no mu bwikorezi.

AfDB ikomeza yerekana ko yabaze ko umugabane muri rusange ukeneye ingano y’amafaranga agera kuri miriyali ziri hagati ya 130 na 170 z’amadorali ku mwaka. Ni mugihe Banki y’Isi yo ivuga ko icyuho kiboneka mu bikorwa remezo gituma umusaruro ugabanuka ku kigero kigera kuri 40%.

Imihindagurikire ya politiki

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Inzego z’ubuyobozi zo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara zihabwa umwanya w’inzego zananiwe kubahiriza inshingano zazo. Nk’uko yerekanywe na ‘Brookings Institution’, kuva mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2015, muri Afurika habayeho impinduka z’imiyoborere inshuro zirenga 27. Ni mugihe mu mwaka wa 2018 ibihugu 15 ku mugabane byagize amatora naho mu wa 2019 byibuza habayeho amatora agera kuri 20.

Byerekanwa ko ubuyobozi bwari bukwiye kujyaho bwiteguye kumva ibibazo by’abaturage, ndetse bigakemurwa. Afrobarometer yo yerekana ko hakenewe cyane imirimo, ubukungu bwiza kandi bunakoreshwa neza, igabanuka mu kutaringanira ndetse na ruswa.

Izamuka ry’ubukungu, imibereho myiza y’abaturage, ndetse n’ibindi byari bisanzwe ari imbogamizi munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, bishobora kongera ubukana mu gihe icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyaba gikomeje, cyane ko bitekerezwa ko ubukungu muri iki gice bushobora kuzamuka ku kigero cya 1.6% bitewe n’iki cyorezo.

https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/99466/munsi-yubutayu-bwa-sahara-hari-izihe-mbogamizi-99466.html