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Ibihumyo

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia
Scabies
Other names: Seven-year itch[1]
Magnified view of a burrowing trail of the scabies mite. The scaly patch on the left was caused by scratching and marks the mite's entry point into the skin. The mite has burrowed to the top-right, where it can be seen as a dark spot at the end.
Ishami ry'ubuvuziInfectious disease, dermatology
Ibimenyetsoitchiness, pimple-like rash[2]
Igihe isanzwe itangira2–6 weeks (first infection), ~1 day (subsequent infections)[2]
ImpamvuSarcoptes scabiei mite spread by close contact[3]
Ibyongera ibyagoCrowded living conditions (child care facilities, group homes, prisons), lack of access to water[3][4]
Uburyo bwo kuyisuzumaBased on symptoms[5]
Indwara zisa na yoSeborrheic dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, pediculosis, atopic dermatitis[6]
ImitiPermethrin, crotamiton, lindane, ivermectin[7]
Inshuro204 million / 2.8% (2015)[8]

Indwara y'uruhu (izwi kandi nka " shrill" y'imyaka irindwi ) ni indwara y'uruhu yandura iterwa n'udusimba twa Sarcoptes scabiei.[1][3] Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ukurya cyane no kugira uduheri nk'uduheri.[2] Rimwe na rimwe, utwobo duto dushobora kugaragara ku ruhu.[2] Mu kwandura kwa mbere, umuntu wanduye akunze kugaragaza ibimenyetso mu byumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bitandatu.[2] Mu gihe cy'ubwandu bwa kabiri, ibimenyetso bishobora gutangira mu masaha 24.[2] Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ku mubiri wose cyangwa ahantu hamwe na hamwe nko mu maboko, hagati y'intoki, cyangwa mu rukenyerero.[2] Umutwe ushobora kugira ingaruka, ariko ibi akenshi biba ku bana bato gusa.[2] Ubushye bukunze kwiyongera nijoro, cyangwa nyuma yo kwiyuhagira bishyushye.[9] Gushwanyaguza bishobora gutera kwangirika k'uruhu ndetse n'ubwandu bw'inyongera bwa bagiteri mu ruhu.[2]

Indwara y'ibihumyo iterwa n'ubwandu bw'udusimba tw'ingore twa Sarcoptes scabiei <i id="mwYQ">var.</i> hominis, ectoparasite.[3] Udukoko twinjira mu ruhu kugira ngo tubeho kandi dushyiremo amagi.[3] Ibimenyetso by'ibihumyo biterwa n'ingaruka z'ubwivumbure ku dukoko.[2] Akenshi, udukoko turi hagati ya 10 na 15 ni two twonyine twibasiwe n’ubwandu.[2] Ibisebe bikunze gukwirakwira mu gihe kirekire umuntu yanduye ahuye n'uruhu rwe (nibura iminota 10) nk'uko bishobora kubaho mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa kubana.[3][10] Ikwirakwira ry'indwara rishobora kubaho nubwo umuntu yaba ataragaragaza ibimenyetso.[11] Imibereho yuzuye abantu, nk'iboneka mu bigo byita ku bana, mu ngo z'abantu benshi no muri za gereza, byongera ibyago byo kwandura.[3] Uduce dufite ikibazo cyo kubura amazi natwo dufite igipimo cyo hejuru cy’indwara.[4] Indwara y'ibihumyo ni ubwoko bukomeye bw'indwara.[3] Ubusanzwe ikunze kubaho gusa ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke kandi abantu bashobora kugira udukoko tubarirwa muri za miriyoni, bigatuma twanduzanya cyane.[3] Muri ibi bihe, kwandura bishobora gukwirakwira mu gihe umuntu akoze ku kintu runaka cyangwa mu bintu byanduye.[3] Udukoko ni duto cyane kandi akenshi ntitugaragara neza.[3] Gusuzuma indwara bishingiye ku bimenyetso n'ibimenyetso.[5]

Hari imiti myinshi ivura abanduye, harimo permethrin, crotamiton, na lindane creams hamwe na ivermectin pills.[7] Guhuza ibitsina mu kwezi gushize n'abantu babana mu nzu imwe na bo bagomba kuvurwa icyarimwe.[11] Muri rusange, gusubiramo imiti nyuma y'icyumweru ni byo byitezwe.[9] Ibiryamirwa n'imyenda byakoreshejwe mu minsi itatu ya nyuma bigomba kumeswa mu mazi ashyushye hanyuma bikanikwa mu cyuma cyumisha amazi gishyushye.[11] Kubera ko agakoko kadamara iminsi irenga itatu katari mu ruhu rw'umuntu, ntabwo ari ngombwa koza cyane.[11] Ibimenyetso bishobora gukomeza mu byumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine nyuma yo kuvurwa.[11] Niba nyuma y'iki gihe ibimenyetso bikomeje, bishobora kuba ngombwa ko umuntu yisubiraho.[11]

Indwara y'uruhu yitwa "scabies" ni imwe mu ndwara eshatu z'uruhu zikunze kugaragara mu bana, hamwe n'indwara z'uruhu ziterwa n'udukoko two mu bwoko bwa "ringworms " n'udukoko twa bagiteri.[12] Guhera mu 2015, byagize ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 204 miliyoni z'abantu (2.8% by'abatuye isi).[8] Bikunze kugaragara mu bagabo n'abagore bombi.[13] Abakiri bato n'abakuze ni bo bakunze kwibasirwa cyane.[5] Ikunze kandi kugaragara cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere no mu turere dushyuha.[5] Ijambo scabies rikomoka kuri Template:Lang-la, "gushwanyaguza".[14] Izindi nyamaswa ntizikwirakwiza ibihumyo by'abantu.[3] Kwandura mu zindi nyamaswa akenshi guterwa n'udukoko dutandukanye gato ariko dufitanye isano kandi tuzwi nka sarcoptic mange.[15]

Iriburiro

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
  1. 1 2 Gates, Robert H. (2003). Infectious disease secrets (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier, Hanley Belfus. p. 355. ISBN 978-1-56053-543-0. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "Parasites – Scabies Disease". Center for Disease Control and Prevention. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Epidemiology & Risk Factors". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  4. 1 2 "WHO -Water-related Disease". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 2010-10-22. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Scabies". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  6. ↑ Ferri, Fred F. (2010). "Chapter S". Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 978-0323076999.
  7. 1 2 "Parasites – Scabies Medications". Center for Disease Control and Prevention. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  8. 1 2 GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282. {{cite journal}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  9. 1 2 Bolognia, Jean L.; Schaffer, Julie V.; Duncan, Karynne O.; Ko, Christine (2022). "71. Infestations: scabies". Dermatology Essentials (in Icyongereza) (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 733–737. ISBN 978-0-323-70971-2. Archived from the original on 2024-02-12. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  10. ↑ Dressler, C; Rosumeck, S; Sunderkötter, C; Werner, RN; Nast, A (14 November 2016). "The Treatment of Scabies". Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. 113 (45): 757–62. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0757. PMC 5165060. PMID 27974144.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Parasites - Scabies Treatment". Center for Disease Control and Prevention. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  12. ↑ Andrews RM, McCarthy J, Carapetis JR, Currie BJ (December 2009). "Skin disorders, including pyoderma, scabies, and tinea infections". Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 56 (6): 1421–40. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2009.09.002. PMID 19962029.
  13. ↑ Vos, T (Dec 15, 2012). "Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2163–96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2. PMC 6350784. PMID 23245607. Archived from the original on January 12, 2019. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
  14. ↑ Mosby's Medical, Nursing & Allied Health Dictionary (4 ed.). Mosby-Year Book Inc. 1994. p. 1395. ISBN 9780801672255.
  15. ↑ Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians (10 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014. p. 68. ISBN 9781455739882. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
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