Kizito Mihigo
Kizito Mihigo wavukiye i Kibeho tariki ya 25 Nyakanga 1981 − 17 Gashyantare 2020 i Kigali, ni umuhanzi, umucuranzi n'umuririmbyi w'umunyarwanda.[1]
Amavu n'amavuko[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kizito Mihigo yavutse kuwa gatandatu, tariki ya 25 Nyakanga 1981, i Kibeho, umwe mu mirenge y’Akarere ka Nyaruguru, mu cyahoze ari Perefegitura ya Gikongoro mu ntara y’Amajyepfo y’u Rwanda.Ni umwana wa gatatu mu bana batandatu. Ababyeyi be Buguzi Augustin na Ilibagiza Placidie, bamureze mu bukristu gatolika.[2]
Ibyiruka[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Afite imyaka icyenda yatangiye guhimba uturirimbo tw’abana, maze nyuma y’imyaka itanu, aza kuvamo umuhanzi w’indirimbo za Kiriziya Gatolika uzwi mu Rwanda. [3] Mu mwaka wa 1994 ise umubyara (Buguzi Augustin) yishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Mu binyamakuru bitandukanye, Kizito Mihigo yakunze kuvuga ko gucika ku icumu rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi biri mu byamuhaye inganzo y’ubutumwa aririmba.[4]
Amaze kugira imyaka 14, ubwo yigaga mu mwaka wa mbere muri Seminari nto ya Karubanda i Butare, yahimbye indirimbo nyinshi ziririmbwa muri Kiliziya Gatolika mu Rwanda. Mu mwaka wa 2000, (ubwo yari afite imyaka 19), Kizito Mihigo yari afite indirimbo zirenga 200 za Missa.[5]
Mu mwaka wa 2001 yagize uruhare mu ishyirwa mu manota ry'indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu.[6]
Amashuri ya Muzika[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Mu mwaka wa 2003 yagiye kwiga Muzika mu Burayi, maze mu kwezi kwa cyenda 2008, aza kubona impamyabumenyi DFE « Diplôme de Fin d’Etudes », mu ishuri rya Conservatoire de Musique de Paris mu Bufaransa[5]
Yigishije Muzika mu ishuri ryisumbuye « Institut provincial » ryo mu Bubiligi, kuva mu mwaka wa 2008 kugeza muri 2010. [5]
Ibihangano[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kizito Mihigo afite indirimbo zigera kuri 400 ziganjemo izo mu Kiriziya gatorika[7]. Kuva yagera ku mugabane w’u Burayi, uyu muhanzi yatangiye guhimba n’izindi ndirimbo zitari iza Kiriziya, ahubwo zitanga ubutumwa bw'Amahoro n'Ubwiyunge muri sosiyete cyane cyane mu Banyarwanda.[2]
Izagiye zimenyekana ni nka:
- Twanze gutoberwa amateka
- Turi abana b’u Rwanda
- Umujinya Mwiza
- Ijoro ribara uwariraye
- Inuma
- Iteme
- Arc en ciel
- Urugamba rwo Kwibohora
- Intare yampaye agaciro
- Igisobanuro cy'urupfu
Ubukangurambaga ku bumwe n'ubwiyunge[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Mu mwaka wa 2010, Kizito Mihigo yashinze Fondation Kizito Mihigo pour la Paix (Kizito Mihigo Peace Foundation) - KMP - iharanira amahoro n’ubumuntu mu bantu. [2]
Iyi fondation yashinzwe hagamijwe ubukangurambaga ku bumwe n’ubwiyunge ikoresheje ubuhanzi, muri za gereza, no mu mashuri [8]. KMP kandi yakoraga ibyitwa Ikiganiro mpuzamadini cyahuzaga abanyamadini batandukanye kuri Radiyo na Televiziyo by'igihugu mu isaha imwe mu cyumweru yahariwe y'ikiganiro kitwa Umusanzu w'Umuhanzi cyategurwaga na Fondation KMP. [9].
Ibihembo yahawe[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Muri Kanama 2011, Kizito Mihigo yahawe n'umufasha wa Perezida wa Repuburika, Madamu Jeannette Kagame, igihembo cyagenewe urubyiruko rw'indashyikirwa (CYRWA award).[10]
Muri Mata 2013, Kizito na Fondation ye bahawe n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Imiyiborere (RGB), igihembo cy'amafaranga y'u Rwanda 8 000 000 (Miliyoni Umunani), nk'umuryango utari uwa Leta ukora ibikorwa bishyigikira imiyobore myiza [11]
Ubuzima bwe bwite[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kizito Mihigo ni ingaragu, kandi nta mwana afite. Ni umukirisitu gatorika, n'umukunzi wa Karate na Sinema. [12].
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2009, yagiye yandikwa n'ibinyamakuru by'imyidagaduro byo mu Rwanda, nk'umwe mu basore bakurura abakobwa benshi mu gihugu. Muri 2012 yavuzweho urukundo rw'ibanga hamwe n'umuririmbyikazi Miss Jojo, ariko babajijwe n'itangazamakuru, bose barabihakana [12].
Ifungwa n'urubanza[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Tariki ya 15 Mata 2014, Polisi y'igihugu yerekanye uyu muhanzi ivuga ko yamufatiye mu byaha byo kugambanira ubutegetsi buriho na Perezida wa Repubulika y'u Rwanda Paul Kagame. Imbere y'itangazamakuru, Kizito Mihigo yarabyemeye abisabira imbabazi.[13]
Kuvuga ko Kizito Mihigo yafashwe byatangajwe amaze iminsi irenga icyumweru aburiwe irengero [14]. N'ubwo polisi y'u Rwanda yari yabanje kuvuga ko itazi aho uyu muhanzi yari ari mu cyumweru cyabanjirije iyerekanwa rye, urubuga WikiLeaks ruzwiho kumena amabanga ya za Leta zitandukanye zo ku isi rwavuze ko Kizito Mihigo yari yafashwe tariki ya 4 Mata, ni ukuvuga iminsi icumi mbere y'uko polisi imwerekana.[15].
Indirimbo yateye ikibazo[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Gufatwa kwa Kizito Mihigo kandi, byabaye amaze gusohora indirimbo yitwa Igisobanuro cy'urupfu. Iyi ndirimbo ntiyashimishije abategetsi b'u Rwanda kuko yahise ibuzwa gucurangwa igisohoka ndetse ikurwa no kuri Internet. Mu nkuru zijyanye n'ifatwa rya Mihigo ndetse n'urubanza rwe, ibinyamakuru mpuzamahanga nka BBC, televiziyo Al Jazeera, televiziyo France 24, Radio France Internationale na Radio France Inter, byagarutse kenshi kuri iyo ndirimbo, bigaragaza ko uyu muhanzi ashobora kuba yarazize amwe mu magambo ayigize. Muri iyi ndirimbo ifite iminota isaga icumi, harimo amagambo nka: " Jenoside yangize imfubyi, ariko ntikanyibagize abandi bantu nabo bababaye bazize urugomo rutiswe Jenoside [...] Nta rupfu rwiza rubaho, rwaba Jenoside cyangwa Intambara, uwishwe n'abihorera, uwazize impanuka cyangwa uwazize indwara, abo bavandimwe bose ndabasabira... 'Ndi umunyarwanda' ijye ibanzirizwa na 'Ndi umuntu..." [16][17][18].
Ibyavuzwe n'abantu batandukanye nyuma y'ifungwa ry'uyu muhanzi[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Nyuma y'ifatwa ry'uyu muhanzi wari uzwi nk'inshuti ikomeye y'ubutegetsi bw'u Rwanda n'umutoni wa Perezida Paul Kagame , havuzwe byinshi mu itangazamakuru, abantu ku giti cyabo babivuga kwinshi, imiryango mpuzamahanga n'ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bigira icyo bitangaza. Umunyamakuru w'umubirigi Colette Braeckman yanditse ko Kizito Mihigo yafashijwe na Perezida Paul Kagame kwiga ibijyanye na Muzika mu Burayi, avuga ko azi Kizito Mihigo ku giti cye, kandi ko atiyumvisha uburyo yakora ibyo ashinjwa[19],[20].Musenyeri Joseph André Léonard umushumba wa Arikidiyosezi ya Buruseri nawe yavuze ko yatunguwe cyane no kuba Kizito Mihigo yarafashwe nk'umugizi wa nabi. Ati: "Bibeshye ku muntu, jyewe sinshobora kubona muri Kizito Mihigo umuntu wagirira nabi igihugu[21].
Ikinyamakuru "The Huffington Post" cyo cyatangaje ko abenshi mu bakurikirana ifatwa n'urubanza by'uyu muhanzi, bavuga ko Kizito Mihigo yategetswe kwemera ibyaha ashinjwa no kubisabira imbabazi kugira ngo abe yarekurwa. Icyo kinyamakuru kikavuga ko n'ubwo yabyubahirije, ntacyo byamumariye kuko atarekuwe nk'uko yari abyiteze.[22].
Imiryango Mpuzamahanga[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Nyuma y'ifatwa rya Kizito Mihigo n'abo bareganwa, imiryango mpuzamahanga itandukanye nka Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l'Homme - FIDH, Reporters Sans Frontières, Amnesty Internationale na Human Rights Watch yanenze imyitwarire y'inzego z'umutekano z'u Rwanda zabanje guhisha abakekwa, mbere yo kuberekana. FIDH yavuze ko idasobanukiwe neza ifatwa rya Kizito Mihigo mu migambi yo guhungabanya umutekano kandi azwi nk'umuntu uharanira amahoro[23].
Ibihugu[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika n'Ubwongereza, byavuze ko bihangayikishijwe n'ifatwa ry'uyu muhanzi n'abo bareganwa. Amerika yasabye Leta y'u Rwanda kugenera Kizito Mihigo na bagenzi be urubanza rw'intabera, kandi mu Rwanda hakubahirizwa uburenganzira bwo gutanga ibitekerezo n'ubw'itangazamakuru [24].
Urubanza[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Tariki ya 6 Ugushyingo 2014, nyuma yo gusubikwa inshuro ebyiri, nibwo urubanza rwa Mihigo rwatangiye. Kizito Mihigo yongeye kwemera ibyaha byose ashinjwa, avuga ko abyicuza kandi abisabira imbabazi.[25]. Abareganwa na Kizito Mihigo, bose (uko ari batatu) baburanye bahakana ibyo baregwa, ndetse bakavuga ko bakorewe iyicarubozo[26].
Icyifuzo cy'ubushinjacyaha[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Muri uru rubanza, ubushinjacyaha bwasabiye Kizito Mihigo igihano cyo gufungwa burundu.[7]
Icyemezo cy'urukiko[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Tariki ya 27 Gashyantare 2015, urukiko rukuru rwa Kigali rwakatiye uyu muhanzi igihano cy'imyaka icumi y'igifungo. Rwamuhamije ibyaha byo kugambirira kugirira nabi ubutegetsi, ariko rumukuraho icyaha cy'iterabwoba. [17]
Imbabazi za Perezida wa Repuburika[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Tariki ya 14 Nzeri 2018, nyuma yo kureka ikirego cy'ubujurire yari yaratanze mu rukiko rw'ikirenga, umuhanzi Kizito Mihigo yahawe imbabazi na Perezida wa Repuburika Paul Kagame. Mihigo yasohotse muri gereza ari kumwe na Madamu Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza, umunyapolitiki nawe wari umaze imyaka 8 mu buroko. [27]
Inyandiko shingiro[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
- ↑ Amateka ya Kizito Mihigo - Kizitomihigo.com
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ubuzima bwa Kizito Mihigo Igihe.com, Nyakanga 2013
- ↑ Kizito Mihigo uses music to promote peace and reconciliation - The New Times (Mu Cyongereza), 20 Ugushyingo 2012
- ↑ Génocide au Rwanda - 13 ans après: Témoignage du rescapé Kizito Mihigo - Alter Infos (Mu Gifaransa), Gicurasi 2007
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Sobanukirwa n’ amwe mu mateka y’ umuhanzi Kizito Mihigo - Imirasire.com, 7 Mata 2014
- ↑ Un artiste rwandais s'insurge contre les "falsificateurs de l'histoire" du génocide de 1994 - Panapress.com (Mu Gifaransa), 7 Mata 2014
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Rwanda: la perpétuité requise pour Kizito Mihigo - BBC (Mu Gifaransa), 30 Ukuboza 2014
- ↑ Kizito Mihigo na KMP bizihije umunsi mpuzamahanga w’amahoro - Igihe.com, Nzeri 2013
- ↑ Kizito Mihigo yashyize ahagaragara ibiganiro mpuzamadini bibera muri KMP - Igihe.com, Mutarama 2014
- ↑ First Lady awards Young Rwandan Archivers - The New Times (Mu Cyongereza), 21 Kanama 2011
- ↑ Civil Society Organs win RGB awards - Great Lakes Voice (Mu Cyongereza), 21 Mata 2013
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Kizito Mihigo using music to spread peace in society - The Independent (Mu Cyongereza), 3 Ukwakira 2012
- ↑ Rwanda: quatre personnes arrêtées, dont le chanteur Kizito Mihigo - RFI (Mu Gifaransa), 16 Mata 2014
- ↑ Kizito Mihigo ari he? Ese yaba yaratangiye guhura n’ingaruka z’"Igisobanuro cy’urupfu"? - Umuryango.rw, 16 Mata 2014
- ↑ Le timing de l'arrestation de Kizito Mihigo - WikiLeaks (Mu Gifaransa) 14 Mata 2014
- ↑ Dissident ‘choirboy’: Rwandan gospel star on trial - Al Jazeera (Mu Cyongereza),11 Ukuboza 2014
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Le chanteur rwandais Kizito Mihigo condamné à 10 ans de prison - France 24 (Mu Gifaransa), 27 Gashyantare 2015
- ↑ Rwanda 20 ans, un pouvoir autoritaire ? Et alors ?... - France Inter (Mu Gifaransa), 7 Gicurasi 2014
- ↑ Kizito Mihigo: Chanteur vedette et accusé en aveux - Le Soir (Mu Gifaransa), 16 Mata 2014
- ↑ Kagamé off the record : « Il peut vous hypnotiser » - Rue89 (Mu Gifaransa), 7 Kamena 2014
- ↑ Mgr Léonard : « Je ne peux pas voir en Kizito Mihigo un homme qui serait dangereux pour la société » - Jambo News (Mu Gifaransa), 30 Nyakanga 2015
- ↑ Rwanda: Le chanteur populaire Kizito Mihigo n'aura pas été libéré pour autant... - Huffington Post (Mu Gifaransa), 27 Ukwakira 2014
- ↑ Rwanda: Trois personnes arrêtées, pour "menace" contre l'État - RFI (Mu Gifaransa), 14 Mata 2014
- ↑ Washington préoccupé par la vague d'arrestations - RFI (Mu Gifaransa), 24 Mata 2014
- ↑ Rwanda: accusé de "terrorisme", le musicien Kizito Mihigo plaide coupable - RTBF (Mu Gifaransa), 6 Ugushyingo 2014
- ↑ Rwandan accused of plotting against regime alleges torture - Daily Mail (Mu Cyongereza), 28 Ugushyingo 2014
- ↑ Perezida Kagame yahaye imbabazi Kizito Mihigo na Ingabire Victoire Igihe.com, Nzeri 2018