Reba inkomoko ya Gutakaza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima


[[Dosiye:Summary_of_major_environmental-change_categories_expressed_as_a_percentage_change_(red)_relative_to_baseline_-_fcosc-01-615419-g001.jpg|thumb| Inshamake yibyingenzi bitandukanye bijyanye nibinyabuzima bihindura ibidukikije byagaragajwe nkijanisha ryimpinduka ziterwa nabantu (mumutuku) ugereranije na baseline (ubururu)]]
GUTAKAZA URUSOBE RW'IBINYABUZIMA birimo kuzimangana ku isi mumoko atandukanye, kimwe no kugabanuka kwaho cyangwa gutakaza amoko yahantu  runaka, bikaviramo gutakaza ibinyabuzima bitandukanye. Ikintu cya nyuma gishobora kuba igihe gito cyangwa gihoraho, bitewe n’uko kwangirika kw'ibidukikije biganisha ku gihombo..[https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/67/12/1026/4605229?login=false] [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcosc.2020.615419/full][https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12816]

Nubwo gutakaza amoko ahoraho Kw'isi ari ibintu bitangaje kandi biteye agahinda kuruta impinduka z’akarere mu miterere y’ibinyabuzima, ndetse n’impinduka ntoya ziva mu mibereho ihamye ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku biribwa kuko bigabanuka kw'ubwoko bumwe gusa bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi. urunigi rwose ( coextinction ), biganisha ku kugabanuka muri rusange kw'ibinyabuzima, ibishoboka ubundi buryo butajegajega bwibidukikije nubwo bwose.’ibinyabuzima byumwihariko biganisha kuri serivisi y’ibidukikije kandi amaherezo bigatera akaga gakomeye ku kwihaza mu biribwa, ariko kandi birashobora kugira ingaruka zirambye z’ubuzima rusange ku bantu. [https://www.unep.org/resources/making-peace-nature]
[[Dosiye:Extinction_Rebellion-2.jpg|thumb| Aberekana kurwanya ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, muri Extinction Rebellion (2018).]]
Ibinyabuzima bitandukanye bisobanurwa nkubuzima butandukanye ku isi , imiterere yabyo, hamwe nubusabane bwubuzima. Ariko, guhera mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20 gutakaza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima biterwa n'imyitwarire ya muntu byateje ingaruka zikomeye kandi zirambye. [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/feb/02/economics-of-biodiversity-review-what-are-the-recommendations Abahanga] mu bya siyansi bemeza ko ubwiyongere bwagabanutse mu bantu ndetse no kunywa birenze urugero ari byo bintu by'ibanze muri uku kugabanuka.   batwara ibinyabuzima bitandukanye harimo guhindura aho batuye, umwanda, no gukoresha  umutungo cyane. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/957629/Dasgupta_Review_-_Headline_Messages.pdf]

=== Guhindura imikoreshereze yubutaka ===
[[Dosiye:Flii_globe.png|thumb|   gipima ihinduka rya antropogene ku isi ku mashyamba asigaye buri mwaka. 0 = Guhindura byinshi; 10 = Nibura. <ref name="flii">{{Cite journal|pages=5978}}</ref>]]
Ingero z'impinduka mu mikoreshereze yubutaka zirimo gutema amashyamba, n'ubworozi, mwimerere, hamwe n’imijyi. [https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcc.271] 

Ubwiyongere bw'imijyi bwagabanije cyane urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima iyo ahantu hanini hatuwe hatuwe, biganisha  ku [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643828/] guhitamo amoko ajyanye n'ibidukikije. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6253383/] Uduce duto two guturamo ntidushobora gushyigikira urwego rumwe rwimiterere yimisoro cyangwa tagisi nkuko byahoze mbere mugihe bimwe mubinyabuzima byoroshye bishobora kuzimangana. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643828/] ubwoko bwinshi bwabaturage buragabanuka kubera kugabanuka kwagace k’ahantu hatuwe, ibi bitera ubwiyongere bw’amoko kandi bigahatira amoko kugana ku nkombe kandi bigahuza no kurusha ahandi.  Gutandukanya abantu (gutura) bikunda gutera inzitizi zo gutandukana zibuza amoko kugenda n’ibidukikije byiza kuko ihindagurika ry’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.13691] Nubwo ingaruka mbi zo gucikamo ibice zizwi cyane,  bigira ingaruka ku binyabuzima, ndetse birashobora guhinduka no gushimangira umubano w’ibinyabuzima.