Walter E. Fernald Developmental Center
Walter E. Fernald giteza imbere, nicyo kigo cya kera cy’iburengerazuba bw’ibigo byatewe inkunga na leta bikorera ababana n'ubumuga bwiterambere . [1] [2] Ku buyobozi bwa gatatu, Walter Fernald, byabaye icyitegererezo ku bigo bya Leta ku bamugaye mu iterambere. Nyuma niho habaye ubushakashatsi bwubuvuzi mu kinyejana cya 20. Iperereza kuri ubu bushakashatsi ryatumye amabwiriza mashya yerekeye ubushakashatsi bwabantu mu bana.
Ishuri rifite 186 acres (75 ha) umutungo uri kumuhanda wa Trapelo muri Waltham, Massachusetts .
Amateka
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Ikigo cya Fernald, ubusanzwe cyiswe Ishuri Rikuru ryigisha kwigisha no guhugura abana ba Idiotic, [3] [4] ryashinzwe i Boston n’umuvugurura Samuel Gridley Howe mu 1848 hamwe n’amadolari 2,500 yatanzwe n’inteko ishinga amategeko ya Massachusetts . Ishuri ryagiye buhoro buhoro ryimukira ahitwa Waltham hagati ya 1888 na 1891. Amaherezo ryarimo inyubako 72 kuri 196 acres (0.79 km2) . Igihe cyo hejuru, ishuri ryafunze abantu bagera ku 2500, abenshi muri bo bakaba ari "abahungu batagira ubwenge ".
Ubushakashatsi bwubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi mubana
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Ishuri rya Fernald niryo ryakorewe ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na 1946–53 bwakozwe na kaminuza ya Harvard na MIT bwerekanaga abana bato b'abahungu kwanduza dosiye ya isotopi ya radio . [5] Inyandiko zabonetse mu 1994 n’ishami ry’ingufu muri Amerika [6] zagaragaje ibisobanuro bikurikira:
- Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe igice na mugenzi wawe wubushakashatsi yatewe inkunga na Quaker Oats Company . Bimwe mubushakashatsi bwarimo kongeramo ibyuma bya radio na calcium muri oatmeal n'amata, hanyuma kugaburira imvange kubanyeshuri ba Fernald. [7]
- MIT Porofeseri w’imirire Robert S. Harris yayoboye ubwo bushakashatsi, bwiga ku kwinjiza calcium na fer .
- Abahungu bashishikarijwe kwinjira muri "Science Club", yatangaga ibice byinshi byibiribwa, ibirori, ningendo zerekeza mumikino ya baseball ya Boston Red Sox .
- Abanyamuryango ba club 57 bariye ibinyampeke bikungahaye kuri fer hamwe namata ya calcium -akungahaye kumaseke ya mugitondo. Kugirango ukurikirane iyinjizwa, traseri nyinshi za radioaktiw za calcium zahawe umunwa cyangwa imitsi.
- Urwego rw'imishwarara mu ntebe no mu maraso byakora nk'ibihinduka biterwa.
- Mu bundi bushakashatsi, amasomo 17 yakiriye amafoto yinyongera arimo radioisotopi yicyuma. [8]
- Yaba abana cyangwa ababyeyi babo ntabwo bigeze batanga uburenganzira buhagije bwo kwitabira ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.
Reba
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- ↑ "The Walter E. Fernald Association". Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
- ↑ Ansberry, Clare (29–30 June 2013). "At Nation's Oldest Institution For the Disabled, 13 Lives in Limbo". The Wall Street Journal (paper). pp. A1, A6.
- ↑ "Fernald State School - Asylum Projects". www.asylumprojects.org (in Icyongereza). Archived from the original on July 8, 2024. Retrieved 2017-01-31.
- ↑ "Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe". www.disabilitymuseum.org (in Icyongereza). 1909. Archived from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved 2017-01-31.
- ↑ BRONNER F, HARRIS RS, MALETSKOS CJ, BENDA CE (January 1956). "Studies in calcium metabolism. the fate of intravenously injected radiocalcium in human beings". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 35 (1): 78–88. doi:10.1172/JCI103254. PMC 438780. PMID 13278403.
- ↑ "OT-19. Radioisotope Studies at the Fernald State School, Massachusetts". Archived from the original on June 23, 2024. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
- ↑ Magazine, Smithsonian; Boissoneault, Lorraine. "A Spoonful of Sugar Helps the Radioactive Oatmeal Go Down". Smithsonian Magazine (in Icyongereza). Archived from the original on August 17, 2024. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
- ↑ SHARPE LM, PEACOCK WC, COOKE R, HARRIS RS (July 1950). "The effect of phytate and other food factors on iron absorption". The Journal of Nutrition. 41 (3): 433–46. doi:10.1093/jn/41.3.433. PMID 15428911.