Vibratese
Vibratese ni sisitemu yo guhererekanya amakuru ikoresheje ihinda(vibration). yakozwe na FA Geldard mu 1957, igizwe n'ibice bitanu inyeganyega byashyirwaga ku gituza. Buri vibrateri yifashishwaga mu kohereza ubutumwa bwihariye, kandi ishobora gufasha abantu batumva cyangwa batabona neza.[1]
Vibratese yatekerejwe nk'uburyo bushoboka bwo kohereza amakuru y'iperereza ku ngabo ziri ahantu habi cyangwa mu bihe bigoye. Nubwo mu nyandiko ya mbere ya Gerard bitavuzwemo cyane, byumvikanye ko iyi sisitemu ishobora no gufasha abantu batumva cyangwa abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza[1] [2] [3] [3] [4]
Geldard yerekanye ibipimo bitatu byoroheje bishobora gutahurwa byoroshye kandi byihuse numusemuzi: igihe bimara, ubukana, n'ahantu. Morse code ni urugero rwa sisitemu yo kwumva itanga amakuru yahinduwe n'igihe cyonyine, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ububiko. Geldard yasanze gukoresha ibyo bipimo byose, aho kuba kimwe gusa, byemewe ku ibiciro byohereza amakuru menshi. Ibikoresho byinshi byagenwe byagaragaye bishoboka, harimo ingingo zirindwi, ariko bitanu byafashwe nkibihagije. Geldard yemeje ko ibihe bitatu byerekana ibimenyetso (100 ms, 300 ms, 500 ms), hamwe n’uburemere butatu bwo kunyeganyega kuri vibrateri yari sisitemu ifatika, kandi yemerera ibimenyetso 45 gushyirwaho hakoreshejwe vibatori eshanu. Ibimenyetso byagiye bitandukana n'igihe cyashyizwe hagati ya ms 50 hamwe na 100 ms hagati y'amagambo. Ibi byatumaga bishoboka ko ubutumwa bwohererezwa ku muvuduko wa amagambo 67 ku munota mu buryo bw'inyigisho, ugereranyije na Morse code yo ifite hafi amagambo 30 ku munota. [1]
Kugirango ngo hirindwe urujijo, buri nyajwi yahabwaga icyuma gihinda cyiharije. Kunoza umuvuduko, imibare yashizwe kubimenyetso birebire kandi inyuguti zisigaye zahawe ukurikije inshuro. Bimwe mu bimenyetso byagenewe amagambo asanzwe y'Icyongereza. [1]
| Location | Duration | Intensity | Symbol |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper left | short | high | O |
| Upper left | medium | high | B |
| Upper left | long | high | 8 |
| Upper left | short | medium | S |
| Upper left | medium | medium | of |
| Upper left | long | medium | |
| Upper left | short | low | L |
| Upper left | medium | low | K |
| Upper left | long | low | 7 |
| Upper right | short | high | E |
| Upper right | medium | high | J |
| Upper right | long | high | 2 |
| Upper right | short | medium | P |
| Upper right | medium | medium | the |
| Upper right | long | medium | |
| Upper right | short | low | T |
| Upper right | medium | low | V |
| Upper right | long | low | 1 |
| Middle | short | high | V |
| Middle | medium | high | Z |
| Middle | long | high | 6 |
| Middle | short | medium | F |
| Middle | medium | medium | X |
| Middle | long | medium | |
| Middle | short | low | H |
| Middle | medium | low | Q |
| Middle | long | low | 5 |
| Lower left | short | high | I |
| Lower left | medium | high | G |
| Lower left | long | high | 0 |
| Lower left | short | medium | C |
| Lower left | medium | medium | in |
| Lower left | long | medium | |
| Lower left | short | low | R |
| Lower left | medium | low | W |
| Lower left | long | low | 9 |
| Lower right | short | high | A |
| Lower right | medium | high | M |
| Lower right | long | high | 4 |
| Lower right | short | medium | D |
| Lower right | medium | medium | and |
| Lower right | long | medium | |
| Lower right | short | low | N |
| Lower right | medium | low | Y |
| Lower right | long | low | 3 |
Ibibazo byinshi byagaragaye hamwe na sisitemu. Ingano y'igihe cy'amahugurwa isabwa yagaragaye nk'ikirenga. Byavuzwe ko amasomo 30, angana n’amasaha, yasabwaga kwiga sisitemu. [3] [4] Byongeye kandi, kudasobanuka ku murongo muto wigihe gito byari ikibazo. Igisubizo cyatanzwe kwari ukongeramo igihe cyigihe, mugihe ugabanya ubukana. [1] Byongeye kandi, Geldard yasabye ko hashobora kubaho sisitemu ikoresheje vibrateri yegeranye cyane ishobora kwanduza icyerekezo, nko gutunga urutoki, kuriyi ngingo. Sisitemu nkiyi irashobora gukoreshwa nkinyuguti ya Lorm .
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Geldard, FA (1957). "Adventures in tactile literacy". American Psychologist. 12 (3): 115–124. doi:10.1037/h0040416. Retrieved 2023-09-29. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "adventures" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Tickle Talk Language Picked Up By 5 Points on Receiver's Skin". The Free Lance-Star. Atlanta, GA. 1955-12-29.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Van De Water, Marjorie (1956-01-28). "Deafness May Be Aid To Get Job". The Calgary Herald. Washington. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "calgaryherald" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 J. W. G. Wignall (1966-06-30). "Reading devices for blind". The Age. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "age" defined multiple times with different content