Umukoresha:Irafasha Jean de Dieu/Black Girl
Umukobwa w'umwirabura ( French ) ni filime yikinamico yo mu 1966 yakiniwe muri Senegali no mubufaransa ikinywa n'aba faransa senegari , yanditswe kandi iyobowe na Ousmane Sembène mu buhanzi bwe bwa mbere . [1] Ishingiye ku nkuru ngufi yavuye mu cyegeranyo cya Sembène cyo mu 1962 cyitwa Voltaique, nacyo kikaba cyaratututse ku gitekerezo cy ’ibyabaye mu buzima. Umukobwa wumwirabura akina Mbissine Thérèse Diop nka Diouana, umukobwa ukiri muto wo muri Senegal wimukiye i Dakar, muri Senegali yerekeza muri Antibes, mu Bufaransa gukorera couple y’abafaransa. Mu Bufaransa, Diouana yizeye gukomeza akazi yakoraga nk'umubyaza kandi ateganya ubuzima bushya bw'isi. Ariko, ageze muri Antibes, Diouana ahura n’umugabo n'umugore, bamuhatira gukora nk'umukozi. Agenda arushaho kumenya imiterere ye kandi itandukanijwe kandi atangira kwibaza ubuzima bwe m'ubufaransa.
Umukobwa wumwirabura akunze gufatwa nka film ya mbere yo munsi yubutayu bwa Sahara numukinnyi wamafirime nyafurika yitabiriwe n’amahanga. Nubwo yakiriwe nabi n’abanenga amafilime y’iburengerazuba nyuma yo gusohoka bwa mbere, mu myaka ya za 2010 yaje kugaragara nka filime wa sinema ku isi .
Inkuru ya Filimi
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]iyi nkuru igaragaza ihindagurika ry'ubuzima bwa Diouana muri iki gihe mu Bufaransa, aho akorera umukozi wo mu rugo, kandi bikagaruka ku mibereho ye ya mbere muri Senegali.
Muri (mu ahahise) flashbacks, hagaragara ko akomoka mu mudugudu ukennye hanze ya Dakar . Abantu benshi ntibazi gusoma no kwandika, kandi Diouana yazereraga mu mujyi ashaka akazi. Umunsi umwe, Madame yaje ashaka umukozi ahitamo Diouana mu bagore badafite akazi. Diouana yaratoranijwe kubera ko atari nkabandi bagore yasabaga akazi mu kinyabupfura kandi adafite amahane ; bitandukanye n'abandi, Madame aha akazi Diouana ko kwita ku bana be i Dakar. Nkimpano, Diouana aha abakoresha be mask gakondo yari yaguze nu muhungu muto kuri gineya 50, kandi barayerekana murugo rwabo. mbere Iyo Diouana yabaga atari gukora , yajyaga gutembera gutembera hamwe n'umukunzi we we. Monsieur na Madame bamaze guha Diouana akazi kubakorera mu bufaransa. Diouana arishima ubwo ahita atangira kurota ubuzima bwe bushya ari mubufaransa.
Amaze kuhagera, Diouana yagowe no guteka no gukorera isuku uwo muryango n'inshuti zabo.gusa Madame amufata nabi cyane Diouana akoyoberwa impamvu . Yatekereje ko azita ku bana nko muri Senegali kandi ko ashobora kujya hanze akazenguruka Ubufaransa. Icyakora, mu Bufaransa, ntabwo yabaga yemerewe kuva mu nzu kandi ateka gusa akanasukura imbere mu nzu - ibyo bikaba bitandukanye cyane n'ubuzima bwe bwa mbere muri Senegali, aho yamaze igihe kinini hanze. Iyo Diouana yajyaga yabaga ari gukora yambaye imyenda myia n'inkweto . Nyirabuja yamubwiraga kubikuraho, ati: "Ntiwibagirwe ko uri umukozi wo murugo." Mu birori byo gusangira , umwe mu nshuti zabo yasomye Diouana ku matama mu buryo busanzwe bw'umuco w’Uburayi, aravuga ati: "Sinigeze nsoma umukobwa w’umwirabura!"
Diouana yakiriye ibaruwa ya nyina, Monsieur amusomera. Nyina wa Diouana abaza impamvu atigeze yumva umukobwa we agasaba amafaranga. Diouana yaciye ibaruwa.madamu ntityatumaga asinzira kuko yamubyutaga kare cyane ngo atangire akazi aruko. Diouana agerageza gusubiza mask yahaye Madame, haza kubaho urugamba. Madame abwira Diouana ko niba adakora, adashobora kurya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Diouana yanze gukora. Nyuma yuko Monsieur agerageje kwishyura umushahara we Diouana akanga kwakira amafaranga, Diouana yiyahuye amaze kwica madamu kubera yahoraga umutoteza mu bwiherero bwo muryo rugo. Filime irangira Monsieur yerekeje muri Senegali gusubiza ivalisi, mask, n'amafaranga umuryango we. Aha nyina wa Diouana amafaranga, ariko arayanga. Ubwo Monsieur yavaga mu mudugudu, umwana muto ufite mask yiruka inyuma ye.
- Mbissine Thérèse Diop nka Gomis Diouana
- Anne-Marie Jelinek nka Madame
- Robert Fontaine nka Monsieur
- Momar Nar Sene nkumukunzi wa Diouana
UBURYO YAKOZWE
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Mu gihe cyo gukina, ufata anafoto ukora muri Actualitiés Sénégalaises yafashe ifoto ya Mbissine Thérèse Diop, wagaragaye nk’umukinnyi wa filime Sembène, wavuganye na Diop ku bijyanye n’umukobwa w’irabura . Umuryango wa Diop wabanje kutemera Diop akina filime, ariko Sembène amaze gusura na Diop yarabyemeye. Umuryango we n'abaturanye ntibumvise neza amahitamo ye byarabarajkaje cyane. mu ifatwa rya film hafi ya yose [2] Nk’uko Diop yabyivugiye mu 2016, imyambaro yose yambaye muri iriya film yari iye bwite buretse a polka-ak yahawe nk'umwambaro wa film. [2]
Amashusho y’umukobwa w’umwirabura yanzwe na Minisiteri ishinzwe ibiro bya sinema y’ubutwererane, yatanze inkunga yo kuvuga igifaransa, bishoboka kubera ikibazo cya firime. [3] Sembène yagabanije igihe film yamagara ayigeza ku gihe cy'isaha yubahiriza amabwiriza ya Centre national du cinéma, akoresha ingengo y'imari iri hasi cyane . Sembene yahimbye imvugo mégotage (bisobanurwa ngo "cinema-butt cinema") kugirango asobanure imiterere yibikorwa bye byo gukina film. [4]
Insanganyamatsiko
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- 1966, Prix Jean Vigo kuri firime nziza
- 1966, Tanit d'Or, Iserukiramuco rya Filime ya Carthage
Ifatashingiro
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- ↑ Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey (1996). The Oxford History of World Cinema. ISBN 0-19-874242-8.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "M'Bissine Thérèse Diop on BLACK GIRL". The Criterion Collection. 2016. Retrieved 2025-08-31.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Clark, Ashley (2017-01-23). "Black Girl: Self, Possessed". The Criterion Collection. Archived from the original on 2025-04-22. Retrieved 2025-08-31.
- ↑ "Ousmane Sembène, Cinematic Revolutionary". Harvard Film Archive (in Icyongereza). 2024-01-19. Retrieved 2025-09-01.