Ubukwe bwa kinyarwanda
Ubukwe ni itangiriro ryo kubaho k'umuryango, n'igihe abafashe Umwanzuro wo kubana bifatanya binyuze mu mucyo bakemera gushyigikirwa n'ababyeyi maze nabo bakajya kubaka umuryango wabo witezweho kwagura igihugu binyuze mu kubyara no kurera abana bazaba U Rwanda rwejo.[1] Ubukwe ni umuhango ubumbatiye Umuco nyarwanda. Uyu muhango w'ubukwe ukorwa hagati y'imiryango ibiri ihana abageni. Ni ukuvuga umuryango w'umusore n'umukobwa.
Imihango y'ubukwe bwa Kinyarwanda[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Ubukwe bwa Kinyarwanda bwagiraga imihango myinshi itandukanye imwe iracyakorwa na magingo aya indi ntago igikorwa.. Imwe mu mihango yakorwaga hambere ni:
a. Kurambagiza no gufata irembo[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kurambagiza ni ukureba uburanga bw'umukobwa n'ubwiza bwe, kugenzura imico n'imyifatire ye, uko yitwara mu mibereho ye (umurimo), isuku ndetse n'umuryango akomokamo kugirango umuntu amenye niba yarahawe uburere bwiza. Mu Rwanda kurambagiza byakorwaga n'ababyeyi ariko bifashishije umuranga, habaga n'igihe umusore ari we wirambagiriza cyane cyane iyo yabaga ashaka kurambagiza umukobwa baturanye. Umuranga niwe wagombaga guhuza iyo miryango yombi kuko ariwe wasabiraga umuhungu. Gufata irembo ni igikorwa gikurikira kurambagiza, uyu muhango ubera iwabo w'umukobwa. umuryango w'umuhungu utegura inzoga maze ukazijyana iwabo w'umukobwa ubwo umuranga akababwira uburyo umuryango we washimye umukobwa wo muri urwo rugo ukaba wifuza ko yaba gahuza miryango[2]
b.Gusaba no gukwa[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
M' Umuco nyarwanda umuryango w'umuhungu niwe ujya gusaba umugeni kuko mu Rwanda umuryango,ubwoko n'igisekuru bishingira ku mugabo. kera umuhango wo gusaba babanzaga kuwitegura bihagije ndetse bakabanza no kuwuraguriza, inzuzi zakwera bakabona kohereza intumwa ku muryango bazajya gusabamo umugeni. Umukuru w'umuryango akenshi niwe wabaga umukwe mukuru yaba atabishoboye bagatoranya undi ubikwiriye. Gukwa mu Rwanda nugutanga ikintu kemewe nk'inkwano kugirango ubone umugeni kikaba ikimenyetso cyo kwerekana ko umugeni afite aho aturuka , ko atishyingiye, ko ashyingiwe n'umuryango. Inkwano rero yari ishimwe ry'umubyeyi w'umukobwa kubera ko yabaga yarareze neza, umwana akaba agiye gushinga urwe rugo.[3][hindura | hindura inkomoko]
i. Kuvugira Inka[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kuvugira inka ni umuhango ukorwa n'umutahira mu bukwe bwa Kinyarwanda. Mu Rwanda rwo hambere abakwe bazaga gusaba umugeni bagatanga inka nk'inkwano izo nka bazanye rero umutahira yavugaga amazina yazo akazirata kugirango abasangwa bazishimire, no kuruhande rw'abasangwa naho nuko byagendaga umutahira wabo yavugaga amazina y'izo bari basanganywe. Uyu muhango wakorwaga n'abisi, Umwisi iyo yitaga ishyo yagarukaga amaze kwita izibyaye uburiza Nyuma akazagaruka, akitirira ishyo inka yigaragaje nk'igihangange nuko umwisi akagororerwa.[4]
ii. Umusore uraye ari bushyingirwe[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Bamutegaga amasunzu, bakamwogosha ubwanwa, bakamuca inzara mbese agakorerwa isuku yose yo ku mubiri. Bamwambikaga uruhu rushya cyangwa indengera z'abagabo. Bamwambikaga ibitare n'inigi nshya hanyuma abagabo bamutanze kurongora bakamwigisha uko azifata mu bukwe, uko azabana n'umugore uko azarongora harimo gucira imbazi,kwambika umwishywa, gukirana n'ibindi.[5]
iii. Umukobwa uraye ari bushyingirwe[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Bamutegaga amasunzu bakamukenura hose. Nyirasenge w'umukobwa cyangwa undi mugore wizewe wo mu muryango nka nyirakuru cyangwa nyina wabo yazaga kumuhana. Umukobwa n'umubyeyi ugiye kumuhana bajyaga ahantu hiherereye maze akamubwira uko azajya atsinda abakuru, sebukwe na nyirabukwe, uko azajya yubaha umugabo we akamurinda inzara n'inyota, akamurinda gukonoza akayoga kasigaye mu gicuma cy'umugabo. Akamubwira ukuntu azajya y'ubaha abagabo babo, akabaha agaciro nkakumugabo we kuko ari baramu be ariko bikagarukira aho.Yamuganirizaga ukuntu azajya yirinda gutesha agaciro umugabo we, yirindakumena amabanga y'urugo. Yamwigishaga kandi uko azitwara n'ahura n'umugabo we, uko azakirana akirinda kumuvuna cyangwa kumukibita ku kintu cyamukomeretsa, yamuhanaga kutagira inda nini ku biryo, ko yagombaga kurya bike ahubwo akinywera amata[6]
c. Gushyingira[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Gushyingira ku Banyarwanda ni umuhango wo guhuza umusore n'umukobwa bakarema umuryango mushya.Ni igikorwa n'imiryango ibiri yombi ihuza abana bayo ikabaremera umuryango wayo.[7]
i. Guhagurutsa umugeni[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
M' Umuco nyarwanda umugeni ntiyapfaga gusohoka barabanzaga bakamugoragoza, akinangira, akarira, agafata inkingi ngo batamusohora munzu kugeza ubwo bamuhaye impano runaka (ubutare,umuringa,itungo runaka n'ibindi) akabona gusohoka. Iyo yabaga agisohoka mu nzu agiye gushyingirwa, yageraga ku marembo bakamusaba kuvuna agati k'inkingi y'amarembo i buryo ni bumoso agira ati: "Nsenye urw'iwacu ngiye kubaka urw'ahandi" Utwo duti yaduherezaga ababyeyi be.Ibyo byamusuriraga kuzubaka urugo rugakomera. Nyuma y'ibyo baramuherekezaga bamugeza hafi yaho agiye gushyingirwa bakamushyira mu kirago.[8]
ii. Kwakira umugeni no kurongora[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Umugeni wese yaherekezwaga kwa sebukwe i wabo bamutwaje ibirongoranywa, buri muryango wateganyaga ibirongoranywa bijyanye n'ubushobozi cg ubutunzi bwabo.[9] Mu turere dutandukanye tw'igihugu bagiraga uburyo bunyuranye bwo kwakira umugeni hari abahitaga bamuha inka yicaye ku bibero bya sebukwe ahandi umugeni yasangaga batabye ingasire y'ikinanira mu bikingi byamarembo akayihagararaho sebukwe akamutera icyuhagiro naho nyirabukwe akamukoza umwuko mu ku ruhanga, mu gatuza no ku ntugu zombi nuko umugeni akinjira munzu. Iyo igihe cyo kurongora cyabaga kigeze sebukwe w'umukobwa, umusore, umushyingira n'abakobwa bamuherekeje bamusangaga mu mbere, mushiki w'umusore niwe wabaga amutwaje umwishywa n'imbazi bagera imbere y'umugeni umusore akayimwambika mu mutwe, hanyuma mushiki akamuhereza inkongoro y'amata akayajundika akayamucira mu maso avuga aya magambo ngo "Ndakurongoye ndi mwene kanaka"[10]
d. Gutwikurura[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Gutwikurura ni umuhango ukorwa m' Umuco nyarwanda hagamijwe gusohora umugeni no kumuha uburenganzira bwo kugira imirimo akora. Mu Rwanda, umugeni wese yaratinyaga akihisha ntagire umurimo numwe akora atarahabwa uburenganzira.Umuhango wo gutwikurura wabaga ugizwe n'ibice bine byingenzi: Gukura abageni mu nyegamo,Kogosha amasunzu, Guha abana amata, Kwerekana imitwa.[9]
e. Gutekesha[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Gutekesha cyangwa gukoza ku mashyiga wari umuhango wakorwaga n'ababyeyi b'umuhungu hagamijwe guha uburenganzira umugeni bwo kuba yakwisanzura agakora imirimo yose ikenura urugo rwe.[10]
F. Guca Mwirembo no Kuramukanya[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Hashize iminsi mike bashyingiwe abageni bajyaga iwabo w'umukobwa gukura ubwatsi, bajyanaga na se w'umuhungu, umuranga cg undi mukuru uri bushobore kubavugira amagambo. Iyo umuhango wo guca mu irembo utarakorwa, umukobwa ntiyabaga ashobora kujya gusura iwabo ku mugaragaro yajyagayo rwihishwa kandi agaca mu cyanzu. Gusura abageni cg kuramukanya ni umuhango wakorwaga nyuma yo guca mu irembo, Icyo gihe ababyeyi b'umukobwa Ishimwe bonheurbariteguraga bakajya gusura urugo rw'abana.[11]
Reba[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Reba ibitabo by'ifashishijwe n'amakuru yavuye kuri murandasi[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
- ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ Ubukwe bw'iwacu by Munezero Gasimba F. saveri
- ↑ Bigirumwami aloys, imihango, Imigenzo n'imiziririzo, Nyundo 1964 p127
- ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ Byanafashe D. et Rutayisire , Histoire du Rwanda, UNR, Huye 2011
- ↑ Bashayija stanislas, Le marriage coutumier au Rwanda, Bruxelle,Larcier 1996 p. 48
- ↑ Kananura J.C.1980 P.53
- ↑ Nzamwita Uwanziga Joy, Manners in Rwanda, basic knowledge on Rwandan culture, customs and kinyarwanda language 2015
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2021-02-09. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Nzajyibwami Eliphaz. Ubukwe bwa kinyarwanda n'imihango yabwo. kanama 2016
- ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2021-02-11. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)