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Tekinoroji ifasha muri siporo

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Umukinnyi w'irushanwa rya Marathon wo mu mujyi wa New York akoresha igare ry’ababana n'ubumuga.

Ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu mikino ni urwego rw'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga riri kugenda rwaguka.. Tekinoroji yifashisha n'ibikoresho byinshi byakozwe kugira ngo bifashe abakunzi ba siporo bafite ubumuga mu mikino. Tekinoroji ifasha mu mikino ishobora gukoreshwa muri siporo y'ababana n'ubumuga, aho siporo ihari ihindurwa kugira ngo abakinnyi babana n'ubumuga bitabire; cyangwa, tekinoroji ifasha ababana n'ubumuga ishobora gukoreshwa mu guhimba siporo nshya rwose hamwe n'abakinnyi bafite ubumuga uretse mu bitekerezo.

Umubare w’abafite ubumuga bitabira siporo ugenda wiyongera, biganisha ku iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya rifasha. [1] Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bifasha bishobora kuba byoroheje, "tekinoroji-nto", cyangwa bishobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere cyane, ndetse bamwe bakoresha mudasobwa. Tekinoroji ifasha siporo nayo ishobora kuba yoroheje cyangwa yateye imbere. [2] Ku bw'ibyo, tekinoroji ifasha ishobora kuboneka muri siporo kuva ku myidagaduro y'abaturage kugeza ku mikino ya Paralympique. Ibikoresho byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga byifashisha tekinoroji byatejwe imbere mu gihe, kandi ku bw'ibyo, siporo ku bantu bafite ubumuga "yahindutse kuba igikoresho cyo kuvura(ivuriro) ihinduka ibikorwa bigamije amarushanwa". [3]

Ibikoresho bifasha

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibikoresho bifasha bishobora gukoreshwa imyitozo n'amahugurwa, usibye no kuba bifasha kwitabira siporo. Hano hari bimwe mu bikoresho bifasha kuri ubu biboneka ku bafite ubumuga:

  • Ubumuga bw'ingingo:[4][5][6]
    • Intebe zoroheje z’abafite ubumuga zikoreshwa muri basketball, tennis, no mu gusiganwa.
    • Intebe z’abafite ubumuga zishobora kunyura ahatagizwe n’umuhanda, zifite ibyuma bikomeye n’amapine akomeye ajya ku butaka butoroshye nko mu misozi, mu mukungugu, cyangwa ku mucanga w’inyanja
    • Intebe zifite moteri zikora neza cyane zikoreshwa muri powerchair football (power soccer) no muri power hockey.
    • Amagare y’ukoresha amaboko, cyangwa amagare yicaranwamo (recumbent bicycles), aho umuntu asunika na pedal akoresheje amaboko gusa.
    • Ibikoresho byo gusiza mu mashyamba (cross-country sit skis) bituma umukinnyi yicara agasunika mu nzira y’urubura akoresheje ibikoresho byinjira mu rubura.
    • Ibyuma by’amapesi bifatirwa ku maboko aho gufatwa n’intoki.
    • Ibikoresho byo muri gym bituma umuntu akora imyitozo akiri mu ntebe y’abafite ubumuga akoresheje imashini z’amaboko.
    • Ibikoresho byo muri gym bituma umuntu akora imyitozo akiri mu ntebe y’abafite ubumuga akoresheje imashini z’amaboko.
    • Utugapfukamaboko dufite Velcro zifasha gufata imashini y’imyitozo iyo umuntu adafite imbaraga mu ntoki.
    • Imikandara cyangwa imigozi yoroheje ikoreshwa mu myitozo yo kongerera imitsi imbaraga binyuze mu kuyizitira (resistance).
    • Ibikoresho bya Paramobile, nko imodoka z’abakinnyi ba golf zifite uburyo bwo gufasha guhagarara ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwo kugenda.
    • Inkoni z’umukwabu zikoreshwa n’abafite ubumuga bwo kugenda bakoresha ukuboko kumwe gusa.
  • Ubumuga bwo kutabona:[7]
    • Imipira ya softball isohora amajwi (ibipipi), kugira ngo abantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza babashe kumenya aho umupira uri kugira ngo bawukubite cyangwa bawufate.
    • Imipira ya basketball ifite ibyuma by’amajwi imbere kugira ngo abantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza cyangwa badashobora kubona babashe gukina.
  • A golfer with a leg amputation uses an adaptive golf cart that has a chest strap to help him maintain his balance while standing on one leg.
    Umukinnyi wa golf waciwe ukuguru akoresha igare rya adaptike ya golf ifite imikandara yo mu gatuza imufasha gukomeza kuringanira igihe ahagaze ku kuguru kamwe.
  • Wheelchair curling uses a specially adapted long stick to launch the "rock" down the ice. These players are delivering rocks in the 2010 Vancouver Paralympics.
    Intebe y’abafite ubumuga ikoresha inkoni ndende ihujwe idasanzwe kugira ngo itangire "urutare" munsi y'urubura. Aba bakinnyi barimo gutanga amabuye muri Paralympike yo muri Vancouver 2010.
  • Australian Paralympic athletes using a two-seated tandem racing bicycle; the visually impaired cyclist pedals in rear, while a sighted "pilot" sits in the front.
    Abakinnyi babana n'ubumuga bo muri Ositaraliya bakoresheje igare ryicaye tandem ebyiri; abamugaye bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona inyuma, mu gihe "umuderevu" ubonye yicaye imbere.

Imikino ikoresha tekinoroji ifasha

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Siporo ikoresha tekinoroji ifasha ikubiyemo iyi ikurikira:  

  • Kuroba no guhiga (Accessible Fishing & Hunting)
  • Kugenda mu mazi n’amato / Kayaking (Accessible Sailing / Boating / Kayaking)
  • Kurasa mu mukino w’inkuba (Adaptive Archery)
  • Bowling yoroherejwe (Adaptive Bowling)
  • Imyitozo y’indege yoroherejwe (Adaptive Flying)
  • Golf yoroherejwe (Adaptive Golf)
  • Kugendera ku mafarashi / Equestrian yoroherejwe (Adaptive Horseback Riding / Equestrian)
  • Gusimbuka mu mazi (Scuba Diving) yoroherejwe (Adaptive Scuba Diving)
  • Kurasa (Adaptive Shooting)
  • Skiing & Snowboarding yoroherejwe (Adaptive Skiing & Snowboarding)
  • Tennis yo ku meza yoroherejwe (Adaptive Table Tennis)
  • Imikino yo mu mazi yoroherejwe (Adaptive Water Sports)
  • Imikino ikaze y’abakoresha intebe y’abafite ubumuga (Extreme Wheelchair Sports)
  • Handcycling / Amagare y’amaboko (Handcycling)
  • Power Soccer / Umupira w’amaboko ufite moteri (Power Soccer)
  • Quad Rugby / Rugby y’abakoresha intebe (Quad Rugby)
  • Sled, Floor & Power Hockey / Hockey y’intebe (Sled, Floor & Power Hockey)
  • Wheelchair Basketball / Basketball y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Curling / Curling y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Fencing / Fencing y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Lacrosse / Lacrosse y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Pool & Billiards / Pool n’Billiards y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Racing & Field Sports / Gusiganwa n’indi mikino y’imbuga y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Baseball / Baseball y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Softball / Softball y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Table Tennis / Table Tennis y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Tennis / Tennis y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Volleyball / Volleyball y’abakoresha intebe
  • Wheelchair Weightlifting / Guterura ibyuma y’abakoresha intebe

Imikino myinshi yavuzwe haruguru yageze ku rwego mpuzamahanga rw'imikino ngororamubiri, ishyirwa mu mikino Paralympique .

Siporo ikenera ikoranabuhanga rifasha

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Imikino imwe n'imwe yateye imbere ifite intego yo guteza ikibazo abakinnyi bafite ubumuga bashobora kwishimira. Iyi siporo isaba tekinoroji ifasha abakinnyi bose mu gice cy'imikino. Ingero zimwe ni: Umukino (Sled) umupira w'amaguru ; igare ry'ababana n'ubumuga ; ubwato bwo guhuza n'imiterere, hamwe n'ubwato bwagenewe cyane cyane abasare bafite ubumuga; Nordic (cross-country) skiing hamwe n'indobo "sit-ski"; n'amarushanwa yo gutwara amagare .

  1. ↑ Scherer, Marcia and Stefano Federici (2012). Assistive Technology Assessment Handbook. CRC Press. p. 425. ISBN 9781439838655.
  2. ↑ "Assistive technologies". Spaulding Framingham. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  3. ↑ Scherer, Marcia and Stefano Federici (2012). Assistive Technology Assessment Handbook. CRC Press. p. 427. ISBN 9781439838655.
  4. ↑ "Illness and Disability: Gear for sports and fitness". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original on September 16, 2012. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  5. ↑ "Assistive technologies". Spaulding Framingham. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  6. ↑ "Assistive technology 101". The Family Center on Technology and Disability. Archived from the original on September 17, 2012. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  7. ↑ "Illness and Disability: Gear for sports and fitness". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original on September 16, 2012. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
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