Oscar Gasana

Oscar Gasana (26 Kamena 1951 - 14 Ukuboza 2023) yari Umunyarwanda w'umushakashatsi n’umwanditsi, wamenyekanye kubera ibikorwa yakoze kw'irwanya ryabaturage ba Bisesero mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda muri 1994 . Gasana afite impamyabumenyi ya dogiteri mu bumenyi ngiro mbonezamubano, yatanze ibitekerezo bye mu kwibuka no gutinyuka kw'abarwanyi barwanyaga interahamwe mu karere ka Bisesero, abishira mu gitabo cye yise Les collines se souviennent bivuga Imisozi iribuka. mu bushakashatsi n’imishinga ye, yatanze ibitekerezo bishya ku mateka ya jenoside, agaragaza imbaraga n’imitunganyirize y’abo barwanyi mu gihe cyo kurimbuka, anagaragaza uruhare rw'amahanga mpuzamahanga muri icyo gihe cya jenoside.

Ubuzima bwe

Oscar Gasana wavukiye i Mpembe, mu karere ka Karongi mu Rwanda. Yavuye mu gihugu cye kavukire ajya mu buhungiro muri 1959 ubwo ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko ryatangiye kugaragara cyane. Yahunze ajya mu gihugu cya Congo, aho yakomereje amasomo ye abanza, ayisumbuye, ndetse n’ay’ikaminuza i Bukavu . Nyuma yaho, yakomeje urugendo rwe rw’uburezi muri Addis Abeba no i Londres.

Muri 1994, ubwo jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda yabaga, yabikurikiraniye ari mu mahanga. Ibyo byamuremereye u mutima cyane, bituma yegura ku mwanya we w’Umuyobozi ushinzwe n’itangazamakuru n'imurika mu Kigo Nyafurika cy’ubushakashatsi bushingiye ku bikorwa no ku myigishirize y’iterambere ry’imibereho y’abantu, cyari gishyigikiwe n’Inama y’Ubukungu n’Imibereho y’Abaturage y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ECOSOC).

Ageze muri Kanada muri 1995, Gasana yakoze impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri tewolojiya y’abashumba mu kigo cya Dominikani i Montreal. Mu 2000 yimukiye i Gatineau aho yigishaga igifaransa urubyiruko kandi akangurira abantu kumenya bijyanye na jenoside y'abatutsi binyuze mu nama no mu nyandiko . Muri icyo gihe kandi, yyifatanyije n’umuryango w’Abanyarwanda baba muri Gatineau-Ottawa, maze agira uruhare mu gushinga Humura, ishyirahamwe ry’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, aho yabaye umuyobozi waryo imyaka myinshi.

Muri 2005, yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bushakashatsi bw’amakimbirane muri kaminuza ya Saint Paul, imuha uburyo bwo kwinjira muri guverinoma ya Kanada nk’umwitozo wo gukemura amakimbirane muri minisiteri zitandukanye kugeza igihe yagiye mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru muri Mutarama 2022.

Ibikorwa by'Ubushakashatsi n'Ibitabo Yanditse

Mu rwego rwa dogiteri ye mu bumenyi ngiro mbonezamubano muri kaminuza ya Québec muri Outaouais, Gasana akora ubushakashatsi kw'irwanya ryakozwe yabereye i Bisesero, akarere kibasiwe cyane n’ihohoterwa ryo mu 1994 mugihe cya jenoside. Igitabo cye cy’impamyabumenyi, yise, 'Imisozi yateraga amabuye - Kurwanya itsembabwoko ryabereye i Bisesero (mu Rwanda)', yahawe ishimwe ry’indashyikirwa n’umuyobozi wa kaminuza.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwaje kuvamo igitabo cye les collines se souviennent, cyasohotse mu 2019 cyanditswe n’inzu y’ibitabo Izuba. Itangizwa ryicyo gitabo muri 2019 ryahuriranye no kwibuka ku nshuro ya 25 jenoside y'abatutsi mu Rwanda muri 1994, kandi umushinga wo kugishyira ku mugaragaro wabereye i Kigali , Gatineau na Montreal .

Iki gitabo gitanga imyumvire mishya mu gusobanukirwa itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi no mu kwerekana ubutwari bw’abaturage ba Bisesero igihe bahanganye n’ibitero by'interahamwe. Cyongera kandi gutanga isesengura ry’uruhare rw’amahanga, cyane cyane ku bijyanye Operasiyo Turquoise, yari iyobowe n’Ubufaransa. Itanga isesengura ryimbaraga zabaturage ba bisesero ninshingano mpuzamahanga murwego rwa jenoside.

Imishinga Yakurikiyeho

Muri 2022, nyuma y'imurika ry'umwihariko ry'gitabo, Gasana yagarutse mu Rwanda gutegura umushinga w'ikiganiro cy'amashusho kijyanye n'irwanya ryabereye Bisesero, afatanyije n’umunyamakuru w’Umufaransa Ygal Egry. Intego yabo yari ukwerekana aya mateka y’ubutwari budasanzwe ku mashusho, kugira ngo bageze ubu butumwa ku bantu benshi kandi barusheho gukomeza umurage yatangiye mu gitabo cye les collines se souviennent. Nubwo uyu mushinga utabashije kurangira kubera urupfu rwe mu Kuboza 2023, umuryango we wiyemeje gukomeza iki gikorwa mu rwego rwo kumwibuka no gukomeza umurage we.

Umurage no kumenyekana

Igihe cyo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 30 muri 2024, i Kigali hateguwe ihuro y’ubuvanganzo mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro Gasana, ihuza abanyabwenge, abanyamateka n’abacitse ku icumu, kugira ngo bishimire imyiragaragambyo ya Bisesero kandi baganire ku masomo bakuye kw'irwanya ryagaragaye Bisesero. Ibikorwa bye bikomeje guhindura ibitekerezo ku kwibuka, kwihangana n'ubutabera imbere ya jenoside.

Ibitabo

• 2019, Imisozi Iribuka. Abacitse ku icumu rya Bisesero bavuga uko barwanyije interahamwe. Izuba Edition

Ubwandisti

• (2016), Oscar Gasana, A Typology of Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Rwandan Tutsi Genocide. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 258–268. (Ubwoko bw’Imbonerahamwe y’Imyigishirize mu Bushakashatsi ku Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda.) https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jacpr-12-2015-0204/wuzuye/html
• (2007), Oscar Gasana na Redekop, Implication of Religious Leaders in Mimetic Structures of Violence: The Case of Rwanda. Journal of Religion & Society, pp. 117–137. (Uruhare rw’Abayobozi b’Amadini mu Miterere y’Ihohoterwa Rishingiye ku Kwisubiramo: Urugero rw’u Rwanda.)

Amahugurwa yo gusoma ibijyana na Gasana Oscar

• Abagize Ubwiyunge Bwabaturage, Amahoro Gusa, nitsinda ryubushakashatsi bwiterambere
• Ububiko bwibutsa ubuzi,a