Jump to content

Least developed countries

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia

Igihugu gishobora gushyirwa mucyiciro cy’ibihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere iyocyujuje ibi bikurikira bitatu: [1]

  • Ubukene – igipimogihindurwa gishingiye kumusaruro mbumbew’igihugu (GNI) kumuturage ugereranije mumyaka itatu. As of 2024 , igihugu kigomba kugirumusaruro w’imbere w’umuturage urimunsi y’amadolari y’Amerika 1,088 kugirango gishyirwe kururwo rutonde, kandi kigomba kuba gifite arenga $1,306 kugirango kivemo (cyangwa arenga $3,918 munsi y’umubare w’amafaranga yinjiragusa, arina womubare uruta inshuro eshatu umubare w’amafaranga yinjira).
  • Urwego rw'Imitungo y'Abantu ruri hasi (hashingiwe ku bipimo by'imirire, ubuzima, uburezi n'ubumenyi bw'abakuze ). Guhera mu 2024, igihugu kigomba kuba gifite amanota ya HAI ari munsi ya 60 kugira ngo kibashe gushyirwa kuri urwo rutonde, n'abarenga 66 kugira ngo kibe cyararangije.
  • Ingorane z'ubukungu (zishingiye ku kutumvikana k'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi, kutumvikana k'ibicuruzwa na serivisi byoherezwa mu mahanga, akamaro k'ubukungu bw'ibikorwa bitari ibyagakondo, ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mumahanga, ubumuga bw'ubukungu buke, n'ijanisha ry'abaturage bakuwe mu byabo n'ibiza ). Guhera mu 2024, igihugu kigomba kuba gifite amanota ya EVI arenga 36 kugira ngo kibarwe kuri urworutonde, kandi abatarenze 32 bakarurangiza.

Kugeza mu Ukuboza 2024, ibihugu 44 byaribikiri mucyiciro cya LDC, mugihe umunani byarangije hagatiya 1994 na 2024. [2] Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Ubucuruzi (WTO) wemeyurutonde rwa Loni kandi uvugako "Ingamba zafashwe murwego rwa WTO zishobora gufasha LDC kongera ibyo zohereza mu mahanga kubindibihugu bigize WTO nogukurura ishoramari. Mubihugu byinshi biri munzira y’amajyambere, amavugurura ashyigikira isoko yashishikarije iterambere ryihuse, gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mumahanga, nokugira uruhare rugaragara mu bucuruzi bw’ibihugu byinshi." [3]

Incamake

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Igipimo cy'umubare w'abakene ku munsi ni $1.90

Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya LDC bisuzumwa burimyaka itatu na Komite ishinzwe Politiki y'Iterambere (CDP) y'Inama y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ishinzwe Ubukungu n'Imibereho Myiza (ECOSOC). Ibihugu bishobora gukurwa mucyiciro cya LDC iyibipimo birengeje ibibipimo mu isuzuma rikurikiranye inshuro eshatu. [4] Ibiro by'Umuryango w'Abibumbye by'Intumwa Nkuru y'Ibihugu Bikiri mu Majyambere, Ibihugu Bidakora ku Nyanja n'Ibihugu Bikiri mu Majyambere Bito (UN-OHRLLS) bihuzinkunga ya Loni kandibigatanga serivisi z'ubuvugizi kubihugu Bikiri mu Majyambere Myiza. Icyiciro ( as of December 2024 ) ireba ibihugu 44. [2]

Munama yakane ya Loni kubihugu bya LDCs, yabaye muri Gicurasi 2011, intumwa zemeye intego igamije kuzamura nibura kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibihugu bya LDCs biriho ubumumyaka icumi iri imbere. [5] Kugeza mu 2018, ibihugu icumi cyangwa birenga byari byitezwe kobizarangiza mu 2024, muri Bangladesh byaribyujuje ibisabwa byose mu 2018. [6]

Ntagihugu cyujujibisabwa ubukandi haribihugu bitatu byaribyujuje ibisabwa kugirango bibe LDC, arikobyanze gushyirwa murutonde, bibaza nibamakuru ya CDP afitukuri cyangwukuri: Ghana (ntikibyujuje ibisabwa kuvamu 1994), Papua Nouvelle-Guinée (ntikibyujuje ibisabwa kuva mu 2009), na Zimbabwe (ntikibyujuje ibisabwa kuva mu 2018). [7]

Imikoreshereze n'amagambo ahinnye

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibihugu bikiri munzira y'amajyambere bishobora gutandukanywa n'ibihugu bikiri munzira y'amajyambere, "ibihugu bikiri munzira y'amajyambere", "ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere", cyangwa andi magambo asa nayo.

Ijambo "igihugu kidateye imbere cyane" (LEDC) naryo rikoreshwa murikigihe. Arikokugira ngo hirindwe urujijo hagati y'"igihugu kidateye imberecyane" n'"igihugu kidateye imbere cyane" (bishobora gusobanurwa mu magambo ahinnye nka LDC), nokugirango hirindwurujijo n'igihugu kidateye imbere kidakora kunyanja (bishobora gusobanurwa mu magambo ahinnye nka LLDC), "igihugu kidatera imbere" gikoreshwa cyane kuruta "igihugu kidateyimberecyane".

Mwisuzuma ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu 2018, Umuryango w’Abibumbye wasobanuye ko ibihugu bitagira ingano mubihugu bya LDC byujuje ibipimo bitatu, kimwemuribyo kikabacyari ikigereranyo cy’imyaka itatu cy’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (GNI) kuri burimuturage kirimunsi y’amadolari y’Amerika 1,025. [8]

Inama za Loni

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wungirije w’Ubugereki Spyros Kouvelis mu nama ya 4 ya Loni ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere

Habayeho inameshanu z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kubihugu bya LDC, zibaburimyaka icumi. Ebyiri za mbere zabereye i Paris, mu 1981 na 1991; iyagatatu yabereye i Buruseli mu 2001.

Inamaya kane ya Loni ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere (LDC-IV) yabereye i Istanbul muri Turukiya, ku ya 9-13 Gicurasi 2011. Yitabiriwe na Ban Ki-moon, umuyobozi wa Loni, hamwe n’abaminisitiri b’intebe n’abakuru b’ibihugu bagera kuri 50. Iyi nama yemeje intego yogukura kimwe cyakabiri cy’ibihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere mucyiciro cya LDC mu 2022. Kimwe n’amasezerano y’iterambere ya Seoul yateguwe mu 2010, hashyizwe imbaragacyane mukongera ubushobozi bwo gukora umusaruro n’ibikorwa remezo bifatika, ahwimiryango myinshi itegamiye kuri leta itishimiye imbaraga zishyirwa kurwego rw’abikorera. [5] [9]

Inama ya Gatanu y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kubihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere (LDC-V) yagabanyijwemo ibice bibiri mugihe kingana n’umwaka, hagatiy’icyicaro gikuru cya Loni i New York ku ya 17 Werurwe 2022 na Doha kuya 5-9 Werurwe 2023. [10]

Ubucuruzi

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibibazo bijyanye n'amategeko agengubucuruzi mpuzamahanga na za LDC byakuruye itangazamakuru na politiki cyanebitewe n'ibiganiro bya Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO) byasenyutse vuba ahabyitwaga uruzinduko rw'iterambere. Mugihe cya Minisitiri wa Hong Kong wa WTO, hemejwe ko za LDC zishobora kubona 100% by'inyungu kumasoko y'Amerika mu gihe uruzinduko rwarangiye. Ariko isesengura ry'amasezerano yakozwe n'imiryango itegamiye kuri leta ryagaragaje ko inyandiko y'amasezerano ya LDC yari yatanzwe yari ifite icyuhokinini gishobora gutuma ubwishingizi buke kuruta 100% by'inyungu ku masoko y'ibihugu bikize, ndetse bishobora no gusiba uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwa LDCs bwokugera kumasoko y'ibihugu bikize mu buryo budafite imisoro. [11] [12] Kutanyurwa n'ibi cyuho byatumye bamwe mu bahanga mu by'ubukungu basaba ko amasezerano ya Hong Kong avugururwa. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2010)">Icyitonderwa kirakenewe</span> ]

Chiedu Osakwe, kuvamu 2001, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ubufatanye mubya Tekiniki mu Bunyamabanga bwa WTO, akaba n’umujyanama w’Umuyobozi Mukuru kubibazo by’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, yagizwe Umuhuzabikorwa wihariye wa WTO kubihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere kuva mu 1999. Yakoranye bya hafi n’izindi nzego eshanu hamwe na WTO zigize Urwego rw’ibikorwa bihuriweho ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Baganiriye ku bibazo byokubona isoko, ingingo zihariye n’izitandukanye kubihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere, uruhare rw’ibihugu bikiri munzira y’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu byinshi, n’ibibazo by’iterambere, cyane cyane inyungu z’ibihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere muri politiki y’ipiganwa. Munama ya 28 ya G8 yabereye i Kananaskis, muri Alberta, Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Kanada Jean Chrétien yatanze igitekerezo kandi ashyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kubona isoko, kugira ngo ibihugu 48 bikiri munzira y’ubucuruzi bishobore kungukira mu "bucuruzi butari inkunga". [13] Byongeye kandi, Intego ya 14 y’Iterambere Rirambye ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ishyigikira ko LDC zifatwa muburyo bwihariye kandi butandukanye nk’igice cy’ingenzi cy’ibiganiro byo gutanga inkunga kuburobyi muri WTO. [14]

Ibyifuzwa byo kugera ku isoko

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibihugu byinshibiha uburenganzira bwokugera kubihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere. Urugero, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi washyize mubikorwa gahunda ya Everything but Arms, mu gihe Ubusuwisi buha uburenganzira bwo kugera kwisoko ry’ibicuruzwa byose ku bihugu bikirimu nzira y’amajyambere. [15] Kugera kwisoko ry’u Buyapani na byonubuntu kubihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere. [16]

Guhera kwitarikiya 1 Ukuboza 2024, Ubushinwa bwakuyeho imisoro kubicuruzwa byinjizwaga mu bihugu byose Umuryango w’Abibumbye ushyira mubyiciro ko bitaratera imbere kandi Ubushinwa bufitanye umubano wa dipolomasi . Ibihugu mirongo itatu na bitatu bizungukira muri aya masezerano biri mur'Afurika nahibihugu bitari iby'Afurika bihabwa imisorontamisoro ni Yemeni, Kiribati, Ibirwa bya Salomo, Afuganisitani, Bangladesh, Kamboje, Lawosi, Miyanimari, Nepali, na Timoru y’Iburasirazuba . [17]

Urutonde rw'ibihugu

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Ibihugu 44 bikurikira bikurikira byashyizwe kurutonde nk’ibihugu [18] cyanen’umuryango w’abibumbye guhera mu Kuboza 2024 :​​​​​​ .​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

Hakurikijwe umugabane cyangwa akarere

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Hari ibihugu 32 byashyizwe mu cyiciro cy’ibihugu bidakize cyane mur'Afurika, 8 muri Aziya, 3 muri Oseyaniya, nakimwe mur'Amerika .

Urutonde rw' "ibihugu bidateye imberecyane" nk'uko Umuryango w'Abibumbye ubivuga, bimwe muribyo bikaba biri mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere bidakora kunyanja n'ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere byo mubirwa bito : [19]

Afurika

  • Angola
  • Benin
  • Burkina Faso
  • Burundi[20]
  • Central African Republic[20]
  • Chad[20]
  • Comoros
  • D.R. Congo
  • Djibouti
  • Eritrea
  • Ethiopia[20]
  • The Gambia
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau[21]
  • Lesotho[20]
  • Liberia
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi[20]
  • Mali[20]
  • Mauritania
  • Mozambique
  • Niger[20]
  • Rwanda[20]
  • Senegal
  • Sierra Leone
  • Somalia
  • South Sudan[20]
  • Sudan
  • Tanzania
  • Togo
  • Uganda[20]
  • Zambia[20]

Amerika

  • Haiti

Aziya

  • Afghanistan
  • Bangladesh[22]
  • Cambodia
  • Laos[20]
  • Myanmar
  •   Nepal[20]
  • Timor-Leste
  • Yemen

Oseyaniya

Ibipimobitatu (umutungo w’abantu, ibibazo by’ubukungu n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu kuri buri muturage) bigenzurwa na Komite ishinzwe Politiki y’Iterambere buri myaka itatu. Ibihugu bigomba kuzuza bibiri muribitatu mwisuzuma rikurikiranye ry’imyaka itatukugira ngo bisuzumwe mbere yo kurangiza amasomo. Komite ishinzwe Politiki y’Iterambere yohereza inama zayo zo kwemeza Inama y’Ubukungu n’Imibereho Myiza (ECOSOC). [23]

Nyuma yogutangiza icyiciro cya LDC, ibihugu umunani byarangije kugera kurwego rw'igihugu gikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere . Igihugu cyambere cyarangije kugera kurwego rw'ubukungu ni Botswana mu 1994. Igihugucyakabiri cyari Cape Verde mu 2007. [24] Maldives yarangije kugera ku rwego rw'igihugu gikiri munzira y'amajyambere muntangiriro za 2011, Samoa mu 2014, [4] [25] Guinée Equatorial mu 2017, [26] Vanuatu mu Ukuboza 2020, [27] Bhutan mu Ukuboza 2023, [28] na São Tomé na Príncipe mu Ukuboza 2024. [29]

Ibihugu bikurikira ntibikiri mu itsinda ry’ "ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere":

  • Sikkim (became a state within the Republic of India on 16 May 1975)[30][31]
  • Botswana (graduated from LDC status in December 1994)[32]
  • Cape Verde (graduated in December 2007)[32]
  • Maldives (graduated in January 2011)[32]
  • Samoa (graduated in January 2014)[33]
  • Equatorial Guinea (graduated in June 2017)[34]
  • Vanuatu (graduated on 4 December 2020)[27]
  • Bhutan (graduated on 13 December 2023)[28][35]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe (graduated on 13 December 2024)[29]

Biteganijwe ko ibihugu bizarangiza amasomo vuba aha

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
  • Bangladesh yujuje ibisabwa kabiri, rimwe mu 2018 na none mu 2021. Igihugu kizarangiza ku mugaragaro sitati ya LDC ku ya 24 Ugushyingo 2026, nyuma y'imyaka ibiri cyari giteganyijwe, kubera icyorezo cya COVID-19 . [36]
  • Lawosi na Nepal nazo zizarangiza ku ya 24 Ugushyingo 2026. [37] Uyu wa nyuma yatoranyijwe ku rwego rwo kurangiza amashuri ye mu mwaka wa 2018. Ariko, abayobozi ba Nepal basabye gusubika kurangiza amashuri kugeza mu mwaka wa 2021. [38] Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri ye, nyuma y’indi myaka itanu y’inyongera, impamyabumenyi yasubitswe.
  • Biteganijwe ko Ibirwa bya Salomo bizarangiza amasomo mu 2024, ariko igihe cyo kwitegura cyongereweho imyaka itatu kubera ibintu byahungabanyije cyane gahunda yo kurangiza amasomo mu gihugu. [39] Igihugu kizarangiza amasomo ku ya 13 Ukuboza 2027. [40]
  • Biteganijwe ko Kamboje izarangiza ku ya 19 Ukuboza 2029. Yujuje ibisabwa mu 2021 kandi mbere byari biteganijwe ko izarangiza ku ya 2027, ariko nyuma iza gusubikwa kugira ngo habeho impinduka nziza. [41]
  • Senegali izarangiza amasomo yayo kuya 19 Ukuboza 2029. [18]
  • Djibouti, Kiribati na Tuvalu bishobora kurangiza kumwanya wa LDC ku ya 13 Ukuboza 2027 vuba. [40]
  • Comoros na Myanmar byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngobahabwe impamyabumenyi nibura kabiri. Bashobora gusabirwa guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu 2027. [40]
  • U Rwanda, Uganda na Tanzaniya byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bahabwe impamyabumenyi kunshuro yambere mu 2024. Bashobora gusabirwa guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu 2027. [42] [43] [44]
  • Byari byitezwe ko Angola izarangiza mu 2021, ariko igihe cyo kwitegura cyongereweho imyaka itatu kubera ibibazo by'ubukungu by'igihugu nokwishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa. [45] Impamyabumenyi yongeye gusubikwa mu Kuboza 2023, nta gihe cyagenwe. Mu 2024, icyo gihugu nticyari kicyujuje ibisabwa byo kurangiza. [18]
  • Zambiya na Timor-Leste byujuje ibisabwa mu gihe cyashize ariko ntibicyujuje ibisabwa. [40]

Reba kandi

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

  

Amareferensi

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
  1. ↑ "Criteria For Identification Of LDCs". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Development Policy and Analysis Division. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  2. 1 2 "LDCs at a Glance". Department of Economic and Social Affairs. December 2024. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  3. ↑ "Doha WTO Ministerial 2001: Briefing Notes Least Developed Countries – Towards free market access for least-developed countries". World Trade Organization.
  4. 1 2 "Graduation from the LDC category". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Development Policy and Analysis Division. 5 March 2010. Retrieved 2018-03-02. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "graduation.html" defined multiple times with different content
  5. 1 2 "Goal to halve number of LDCs in next 10 years". The Guardian. 2011-05-06. Retrieved 2011-05-13. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Goal2021" defined multiple times with different content
  6. ↑ Wang, Brian (11 June 2018). "Ten Fewer Least Developed Countries by 2024". nextbigfuture.com. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  7. ↑ Handbook on the least developed country category : inclusion, graduation, and special support measures (Fifth ed.). New York: United Nations. May 2024. ISBN 978-92-1-104692-2. OCLC 1456977890.
  8. ↑ "Criteria For Identification Of LDCs". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Development Policy and Analysis Division. 4 March 2010. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  9. ↑ "Least developed countries: UN conference endorses ambitious plan to lift millions out of poverty". The Guardian. 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2011-05-13.
  10. ↑ "5th United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries (LDC5)". United Nations. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
  11. ↑ "Public Citizen | Global Trade Watch | Global Trade Watch – Hot Issue June 21 – Study shows WTO's Doha Round proposal would leave many poor countries worse off". Citizen.org. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  12. ↑ "How Hong Kong Empowers Rich Countries to Choke LDCs" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-04-01. Retrieved 2006-07-26.
  13. ↑ Vasil, Adria. "NOW Toronto: "Roots runs away: Beaver-clad clothier blames feds' Africa trade aid for west-end plant closure" (February 12-19, 2004, VOL 23 NO 24 Vasil)". Stage81.nowtoronto.com. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  14. ↑ "Goal 14 targets". UNDP (in Icyongereza). Archived from the original on 2020-09-30. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
  15. ↑ "Developing countries GSP (Generalized System of Preferences)". admin.ch. Retrieved 2024-12-05.
  16. ↑ "1501 Outline of Japan's GSP (Generalized System of Preferences) (FAQ)". customs.go.jp. Retrieved 2024-12-05.
  17. ↑ "China sharpens edge in global trade with zero-tariff deal for developing world". South China Morning Post (in Icyongereza). 2024-10-29. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
  18. 1 2 3 "List of Least Developed Countries (as of 19 December 2024)" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Retrieved 2025-01-04. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "ListDESA" defined multiple times with different content
  19. ↑ "LDCs at a Glance". United Nations Development Policy & Analysis Division. 2008-05-25. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named landlocked
  21. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named island
  22. ↑ "Least Developed Country Category: Bangladesh Profile | Department of Economic and Social Affairs". United Nations. 25 December 2015. Archived from the original on Mar 29, 2024.
  23. ↑ "It's official and historical – three more countries will graduate from the LDC category". Development Policy & Analysis Division. United Nations. 2018-12-13. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  24. ↑ "UN advocate salutes Cape Verde's graduation from category of poorest States". United Nations News Centre. 14 June 2007. Archived from the original on Dec 2, 2017.
  25. ↑ "Samoa To Gain Developing Country Economic Status in January 2014". UN-OHRLLS via Radio Australia. Archived from the original on 2015-10-17. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  26. ↑ "Least Developed Country Category: Equatorial Guinea Profile". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Development Policy and Analysis Division. 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  27. 1 2 "Vanuatu graduates from least developed country status". United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. 2020-12-04. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Vanuatu" defined multiple times with different content
  28. 1 2 "Bhutan graduation status". United Nations. Retrieved 13 December 2023. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Bhutan" defined multiple times with different content
  29. 1 2 "Sao Tome and Principe graduates from least developed country status". UNCTAD. Retrieved 13 December 2024. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "STP" defined multiple times with different content
  30. ↑ "UN Handbook on the LDC Category" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-07. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  31. ↑ ""About Sikkim" from the Government of Sikkim's website". Sikkim.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2009-05-25. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  32. 1 2 3 "Istanbul forum offers chance to recommit to helping world's poorest nations". United Nations. 2011-01-10. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  33. ↑ Ashton, Melanie (20 June 2012). "UN-OHRLLS Announces Samoa to Graduate from LDC Status". IISD's SDG Knowledge (in American English). Retrieved 2017-11-24.
  34. ↑ "Equatorial Guinea Graduates from the LDC Category". United Nations. 4 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  35. ↑ Mira Patel (2023-03-13). "How Bhutan graduated from the 'Least Developed Country' status". The Indian Express.
  36. ↑ Byron, Rejaul Karim; Mirdha, Refayet Ullah (2021-02-28). "Becoming A Developing Nation: Bangladesh reaches A Milestone". The Daily Star (in Icyongereza). Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  37. ↑ "U.N. General Assembly graduates Bangladesh, Nepal to developing countries bloc". The Hindu (in Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
  38. ↑ "Nepal braces for graduation from an LDC". UNDP in Nepal. Archived from the original on 2020-08-14. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
  39. ↑ "Extension of the preparatory period preceding the graduation of Solomon Islands from the least developed category". docs.un.org. 2023-08-25.
  40. 1 2 3 4 "Countries approaching graduation and already graduated". United Nations.
  41. ↑ Mathew, Manoj (April 22, 2024). "Cambodia gears up for LDC graduation challenges". Khmer Times. Retrieved July 3, 2024.
  42. ↑ "United Republic of Tanzania graduation status". United Nations. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  43. ↑ "Rwanda graduation status". United Nations. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  44. ↑ "Uganda graduation status". United Nations. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  45. ↑ "Extension of the preparatory period preceding the graduation of Angola from the least developed country category". undocs.org. 2021-02-04.

Amasano yo hanze

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Inyandikorugero:Global economic classificationsInyandikorugero:South-SouthInyandikorugero:UNFCCC negotiating groupsInyandikorugero:United Nations

Garuka kuri "https://rw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Least_developed_countries&oldid=128437"