Kurwanya Ubukene Biciye mu Buryo bwo Kurengera Uburenganzira bwa Muntu

Kurwanya Ubukene Biciye mu Buryo bwo Kurengera Uburenganzira bwa Muntu ni uburyo bwo gukoresha amahame y’Uburinganire, Uburenganzira bwa Muntu, n’amategeko mpuzamahanga mu guhangana n’ubukene no guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage bose.

Inkomoko y’Uburyo Bushingiye ku Burenganzira bwa Muntu

Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu (Human Rights-Based Approach, HRBA) bufite inkomoko mu mategeko mpuzamahanga arengera uburenganzira bwa muntu, nk’ UDHR (1948), ICESCR (1966), na gahunda za UNDP zo guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage.

=== Agaciro k’Uburyo Bushingiye ku Burenganzira bwa Muntu mu Kurwanya Ubukene Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bufasha:

• Gutanga serivisi z’uburezi, ubuzima, n’amazi meza ku bantu bose, nta n’umwe usigaye inyuma.
• Kurengera abaturage b’ingeri zose, by’umwihariko abakene, abagore, n’abana.
• Gushyiraho imiyoborere ishingiye ku mahame ya demokarasi no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu.

=== Imbonerahamwe: Ingingo Z’ingenzi za HRBA mu Kurwanya Ubukene

Ingingo	Ibisobanuro
Uburenganzira ku Buzima	Gutanga serivisi z’ubuzima ku bantu bose, harimo abatagira ubushobozi
Uburenganzira ku Burezi	Kwimakaza uburezi ku bana bose nta n’umwe usigaye inyuma
Uburenganzira ku Ireme ry’Imibereho	Guhabwa amazi meza, ibiribwa bihagije, n’amashanyarazi
Uburenganzira ku Mutekano	Kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku bukene, gukurikirana ibikorwa by’abikoresha nabi abantu

Amategeko Mpuzamahanga n’Uburyo Bushingiye ku Burenganzira bwa Muntu mu Kurwanya Ubukene

Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bukurikiza amahame n’amategeko mpuzamahanga agamije guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage, kurwanya ubukene, no kurengera abagore, abana, n’abandi bantu bafite intege nke.

Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga arengera Iterambere

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR, 1948)

 - Ingingo ya 22 na 25 zerekana ko abantu bose bafite uburenganzira ku mibereho iboneye, harimo ubuzima, uburezi, ibiribwa bihagije, amazu, n’imyambaro.

• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, 1966)

 - Iri tegeko ryongera kurengera uburenganzira ku buzima, uburezi, serivisi z’imibereho myiza, ndetse n’amahirwe angana ku baturage bose, bikaba intambwe ikomeye mu kurwanya ubukene.

• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) na Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

 - Ibi bigamije kugabanya ubukene ku isi yose, guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage, no kurengera uburenganzira bw’abantu bose mu buryo burambye.

Uburyo Bushingiye ku Burenganzira bwa Muntu mu Iterambere

• Human Rights-Based Approaches (HRBA)

 - UNDP na OHCHR bashyiraho HRBA aho buri wese afatwa nk’ufite uburenganzira bungana bwo kubona serivisi, amahirwe y’uburezi, ubuzima, n’ibikorwa by’iterambere. Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bugamije guhuza gahunda z’iterambere n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.

Imbonerahamwe: Intambwe z’Isi Yose mu Kurwanya Ubukene biciye ku HRBA

Igihugu / Umuryango	Uburyo bwakozwe	Ingaruka ku Kurwanya Ubukene	Citation
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)	Gushyiraho HRBA mu bikorwa by’iterambere, raporo ku mibereho myiza y’abaturage	Kugabanya ubukene no kurengera uburenganzira bw’abantu bose mu kubona serivisi	Human Rights-Based Approaches UNDP
European Union	Gushyiraho gahunda z’iterambere rirambye zishingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu	Abaturage bagera ku serivisi z’uburezi n’ubuzima, kurwanya ubusumbane	EU HRBA
UNICEF	Programmes z’uburezi n’imibereho myiza y’abana mu bihugu bikennye	Kongera amahirwe y’abana ku burezi n’imibereho iboneye	State of the World’s Children UNICEF
World Bank	Gutanga inkunga y’imari n’ubujyanama ku bihugu bikennye hagamijwe iterambere rirambye	Gufasha mu bikorwa byo kurwanya ubukene no guteza imbere imibereho myiza	World Bank Poverty Overview

Umwanzuro

Kurwanya ubukene biciye mu buryo bwo kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu ni ngombwa kugira ngo iterambere rirambye rigerweho. Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bufasha:

• Gushyira abaturage bose ku murongo w’amahirwe angana mu kubona serivisi z’ubuzima, uburezi, n’ibiribwa bihagije.
• Kugabanya ubusumbane hagati y’abakire n’abakene, no kurengera abagore n’abana.
• Gushyiraho imiyoborere ishingiye ku mahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu ku rwego rw’isi n’urw’ibihugu.

Ibihugu, imiryango mpuzamahanga, n’abikorera mu iterambere bagomba gukorana kugira ngo uburenganzira bwa muntu bugere ku bantu bose, bigafasha kugabanya ubukene ku isi yose.