Imokoda zikoresha Amashanyarazi

imodoka y'Amashanyarazi

Bisi 20% zizaba zikoresha amashanyarazi: Icyerekezo cy’u Rwanda mu kwimakaza ubwikorezi budahumanya ikirere.

Uko byaje

Hashize imyaka irenga 10 Leta y’u Rwanda ishyira imbaraga mu kubaka uburyo bw’ubwikorezi bw’abantu buteye imbere, burambye, ariko kandi bunubahiriza ingamba zo guteza imbere ibidukikije no kurengera ikirere.

Uko ikibazo giteye

Imibare yo mu 2015 igaragaza ko mu Rwanda imodoka na moto byari byihariye 13% by’imyuka ihumanya yoherezwa mu kirere. Ubushakashatsi bwasohowe mu 2018 ku ihumanywa ry’ikirere bwagaragaje ko imyuka yanduza ikirere n’umwuka byo muri Kigali, ahanini ituruka ku binyabiziga, kuko 95,2% by’imodoka zikorera ku butaka bwo mu Rwanda zimaze nibura imyaka 10 zivuye mu ruganda. Bitewe n’uyu mwuka mubi, ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kuva mu 2012 kugera mu 2015, umubare w’abantu bajyanwa kwa muganga bafite indwara z’ubuhumekero wikubye kabiri, ugera ku abarenga miliyoni 3,3.

Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu butangiza ibidukikije biri mu ngamba 14 zigize gahunda yo guteza imbere ibidukikije no kurengera ikirere. Iyi gahunda izashyirwa mu bikorwa hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya imidoka zikoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli zohereza mu kirere no gushora imari mu bikorwaremezo bifasha ubwikorezi bw’abantu n’ibintu butangiza ikirere.

Politike yu Rwanda

U Rwanda kandi rugeze kure runoza politike yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu buryo burengera ibidukikije. Biteganyijwe ko iyi politike izashimangira ubufatanye bw’abikorera n’inzego za Leta mu korohereza ishoramari ryimakaza ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo igaragaza ko ibinyabiziga byinjira mu Rwanda buri mwaka byiyongera ku kigero cya 12%, ibyinshi muri ibi bikoresha lisansi na mazutu, ibinyabutabire bigira uruhare runini mu kwanduza ikirere.

Iyi niyo mpamvu muri iyi politike nshya u Rwanda rwihaye intego y’uko bizagera mu 2030, 20% by’imodoka zitwara abagenzi (buses) zikoresha amashanyarazi. Izi gahunda zo kunoza iyi politike nshya, u Rwanda ruri kuzifatanyamo na GGGI.

GGGI

Grobal Green Growth Institute (GGGI) yagiye itera inkunga ibikorwa bitandukanye biri muri iyi gahunda birimo ibijyanye no kubaka imijyi ibungabunga ibidukikije, gushyira uburyo bw’ingendo butifashisha ibinyabiziga bifite moteri, gushyiraho uduce tutemerewe kugendwamo n’ibinyabiziga tuzwi nka ‘Car Free Zone’ ndetse no kwimakaza imodoka na moto bikoresha amashanyarazi.

Iki Kigo cyakoze inyigo yaje kuvamo icyemezo cyo gushyira ku mihanda yo muri Kigali n’iyo mu yindi mijyi itandatu iyunganira utuyira tw’abanyamagare n’abanyamaguru, ndetse na gahunda yo gushyiraho amagare rusange ashobora gukoreshwa n’ubishatse mu Mujyi wa Kigali n’uwa Musanze, bikaba biteganyijwe ko vuba azagezwa no mu Mujyi wa Huye n’uwa Rubavu.

Inyungu zirimo

Mu nyigo yakozwe na Guverinoma byagaragaye ko bizagera mu 2025 u Rwanda rumaze kuzigama arenga miliyari 20 Frw yajyaga agenda mu bikorwa byo gutumiza ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu mahanga. Imibare yerekana ko mu 2008 mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rwatumizaga mu mahanga, ibikomoka kuri peteroli byari byihariye 3,3%. Mu 2008 iri janisha ryaje kuzamuka rigera kuri 8,1%, byageze mu 2014 ibikomoka kuri peteroli byihariye 19,5% by’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga. Mu 2019 iri janisha ryari kuri 16,7%.

Imibare ya The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC) igaragaza kandi ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli ari bimwe mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rukenera cyane kandi rukabishoramo akayabo, nk’aho nibura buri mwaka miliyoni 411$, amafaranga ari hejuru y’ayo rushora mu kugura imiti. Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro igaragaza ko kuva mu 2018 imodoka 150 zikoresha amashanyarazi zinjiye mu Rwanda. Umubare wazo wiyongera cyane guhera mu 2021 bijyanye n’uko leta yari imaze koroshya uburyo bwo kuzitunga, binyuze mu kuzikuriraho imwe mu misoro.