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COVID-19

Hindura imbuga
Kubijyanye na Wikipedia
Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19)
Other names: COVID, Covid, (the) coronavirus
Transmission and life-cycle of SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19.
PronunciationInyandikorugero:Ubl
SpecialtyInfectious disease
IbimenyetsoFever, cough, shortness of breath, tiredness, loss of smell;[1] some are asymptomatic[2]
ComplicationsBlood clots, heart disease, kidney problems, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, chronic COVID syndrome[3]
Usual onset2–14 days (typically 5) from infection[1][4]
Diagnostic methodRapid antigen test, PCR test[4]
PreventionPhysical distancing, face masks, ventilation, quarantine, vaccination[4][5][6]
TreatmentSupportive and symptomatic[7]
MedicationNon-hospitalized: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, remdesivir, molnupiravir[8][7]
Severe: Oxygen therapy, dexamethasone, remdesivir[7]
Critical care: Tocilizumab, sarilumab[7]
Prognosis20% require hospitalization[4]
FrequencyInyandikorugero:Cases in the COVID-19 pandemic
Deaths~20 million (as of Dec 31, 2021)[9]
Inyandikorugero:Ubl

Indwara ya Coronavirus 2019 ( COVID-19 ) n'indwara yandura iterwa na syndrome ikabije y'ubuhumekero coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).[4] Ibimenyetso bikunze kubamo umuriro, inkorora, ingorane zo guhumeka, umunaniro, kubabara umutwe, kubura impumuro n'uburyohe, kubabara mu muhogo, kuruka, no gucibwamo.[1] Ubusanzwe bitangirira mu minsi ibiri na cumi nine nyuma yo kwandura virusi.[1] kubantu bamwe; ariko, ntugire ibimenyetso.[2]

Ikwirakwizwa ribaho cyane cyane iyo umuntu wanduye ahuye cyane nundi muntu.[10] Ibi birashobora kubaho haba kwanduza ikirere cyangwa ibitonyanga bito birimo virusi.[11][12] Ntibisanzwe, virusi irashobora gukwirakwira hifashishijwe ibintu byanduye.[10] Abantu barashobora kwanduzanya virusi iminsi ibiri mbere yuko bagaragaza ibimenyetso, kandi muri rusange bakomeza kwandura iminsi igera ku 10, nubwo abafite uburwayi bukomeye wenda bandura igihe kirekire.[11][13] Kwipimisha mubisanzwe biterwa na polymerase urunigi (PCR) cyangwa kwipimisha antigen byihuse bivuye mumazuru cyangwa umuhogo.[4]

Ingamba zo kwirinda zirimo intera y'umubiri, gukoresha mask yo mu rwego rwohejuru, guhumeka ahantu h'imbere, na karantine.[4][5][14] Inkingo nyinshi nazo zigabanya ibyago.[6] Byinshi m'ubuvuzi n'ibimenyetso kandi birashyigikirwa.[7] Mubadakeneye ibitaro, ariko bafite ibyago byinshi, nirmatrelvir / ritonavir, remdesivir, cyangwa molnupiravir irashobora gukoreshwa.[8][7] Kubakeneye kuvura ogisijeni, dexamethasone na remdesivir barashobora gukoreshwa.[7] Kubakeneye ubuvuzi bukomeye tocilizumab cyangwa sarilumab barashobora kongerwamo.[7]

Muri abo bantu bagaragaza ibimenyetso, abagera kuri 80% bakira badakeneye ibitaro, 15% bakeneye ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni, naho 5% bakeneye ubuvuzi bukomeye.[4] Abantu bakuze nabafite ibindi bibazo byubuzima bafite ibyago byinshi.[4] Mugihe benshi bakira nyuma y'ibyumweru bike, bamwe bakomeza guhura n'ingaruka zitandukanye ( COVID ndende ) mumezi.[15] Kugeza ku 7 Gashyantare 2026, byibuze Inyandikorugero:Cases in the COVID-19 pandemic zimaze kwemezwa, bikaba byavuyemo abarenga Inyandikorugero:Cases in the COVID-19 pandemic zapfuye. Inyandikorugero:Cases in the COVID-19 pandemic Umubare nyawo w'impfu wari; ariko, ugereranije hafi [9] guhera ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2021. Urubanza rwa mbere ruzwi rwamenyekanye i Wuhan mu Bushinwa, mu Kuboza 2019 . Indwara imaze gukwira isi yose, itera icyorezo gikomeje .

Reba

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
  1. 1 2 3 4 "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Symptoms". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 22 February 2021. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  2. 1 2 Ma, Q; Liu, J; Liu, Q; Kang, L; Liu, R; Jing, W; Wu, Y; Liu, M (1 December 2021). "Global Percentage of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among the Tested Population and Individuals With Confirmed COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". JAMA network open. 4 (12): e2137257. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257. PMID 34905008.
  3. ↑ "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Complications | BMJ Best Practice US". bestpractice.bmj.com. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)". www.who.int (in Icyongereza). Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  5. 1 2 "Quarantine & Isolation". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 9 January 2022. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  6. 1 2 "COVID-19 and Your Health". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Clinical Management Summary". COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines (in Icyongereza). Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  8. 1 2 Ibrahim, S; Siemieniuk, RAC; Oliveros, MJ; Islam, N; Díaz Martinez, JP; Izcovich, A; Qasim, A; Zhao, Y; Zaror, C; Yao, L; Wang, Y; Vandvik, PO; Roldan, Y; Rochwerg, B; Rada, G (29 May 2025). "Drug treatments for mild or moderate covid-19: systematic review and network meta-analysis". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 389: e081165. doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-081165. PMID 40441732. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmid= value (help)
  9. 1 2 Wang, Haidong; Paulson, Katherine R; Pease, Spencer A; Watson, Stefanie; Comfort, Haley; Zheng, Peng; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y; Bisignano, Catherine; Barber, Ryan M; Alam, Tahiya; Fuller, John E; May, Erin A; Jones, Darwin Phan; Frisch, Meghan E; Abbafati, Cristiana (April 2022). "Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020–21". The Lancet. 399 (10334): 1513–1536. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02796-3.
  10. 1 2 "COVID-19 and Your Health". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 14 July 2021. Archived from the original on 3 April 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  11. 1 2 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is it transmitted?". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 15 October 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  12. ↑ "Transmission of COVID-19". European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Archived from the original on 14 September 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  13. ↑ "Healthcare Workers". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  14. ↑ "Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 375: n2997. 3 December 2021. doi:10.1136/bmj.n2997. PMID 34862160.
  15. ↑ "COVID-19 and Your Health". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in American English). 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on 14 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
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