Jump to content

Amabwiriza ya Maastricht ku ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira mu by'ubukungu, imibereho myiza n'umuco

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia

Amabwiriza ya Maastricht yo mu 1997 yerekeye ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco yubakiye ku mahame ya Limburg yo mu 1987 yerekeye ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco no kwerekana ingaruka zemewe n’amategeko n’ibikorwa bitubahirizwa n’uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza [1]n’umuco . [2] Amabwiriza yemejwe nitsinda ryinzobere zirenga mirongo itatu zateranye kuva 22-26 Mutarama 1997 i Maastricht mugihe cyo kwizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 10 ya Limburg. [3] Nyuma yimyaka itatu, Amabwiriza ya Maastricht hamwe n’amahame ya Limburg yasubiwemo nk’umuryango w’abibumbye E / C.12 / 2000/13 na komite ishinzwe uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco (CESCR). [4]

Amavu n'amavuko

[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]

Mu 1997, Komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’abahanga mu mategeko, ikigo cya Urban Morgan gishinzwe uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, [5] n’ikigo cy’uburenganzira bwa muntu cy’ishami ry’amategeko muri kaminuza ya Maastricht bateraniye mu yandi mahugurwa ku isabukuru yimyaka 10 y’amahame ya Limburg agerageza kumenya uburyo bwo gukoresha "ihohoterwa" kugira ngo rifashe gukurikirana amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco (ICESCR). [6] Inteko yari ifite intego eshatu: kumva neza igitekerezo cyo guhonyora uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco; gukusanya no gutondekanya ubwoko bw'ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira; no gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho wafasha ibigo mugukurikirana uburenganzira bwubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco. [6]

Muri rusange, amabwiriza 32 yashyizwe mu byiciro bitanu agize Amabwiriza ya Maastricht. Aya mabwiriza yemejwe ku bwumvikane n’abari bitabiriye aya mahugurwa, kandi yumvikanye ko agaragaza iterambere ry’amategeko mpuzamahanga kuva mu 1986. [7] Igice cya 1 gishimangira akamaro k’uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco; Igice cya 2 gisuzuma inshingano Leta ibereyemo mu guharanira uburenganzira bw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco, ikanagaragaza urutonde rw’ibikorwa ndetse n’ibitagenda neza bikabije; Igice cya 3 gitangaza ko ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo ryose ryatewe na Leta kandi ko rigomba kureba niba abahohotewe bashobora gukemura ibibazo; Igice cya 4 cyibanda ku bahohotewe kubera ko uburenganzira bwabo butubahirijwe, kurindwa no kubahirizwa, binyuranye na ICESCR; Igice cya 5 kirimo gusa ibisubizo nibindi bisubizo bishoboka kubangamira uburenganzira. [7]


References

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic,_social_and_cultural_rights
  2. Leckie, Scott; Gallanger, Anne (2006). Economic, social and cultural rights: a legal resource guide. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. xv–xvi. ISBN 978-0-8122-3916-4.
  3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
  4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council
  5. https://www.law.uc.edu/human-rights
  6. 6.0 6.1 https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fhrq.1998.0028https://muse.jhu.edu/article/13629
  7. 7.0 7.1 "Maastricht Guidelines on Violations of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Maastricht". Human Rights Library University of Minnesota