Abidjan

Umujyi wa Abidjan

Abidjan ni umujyi munini kandi w'ubukungu wahoze ari umurwa mukuru wa Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast. Ibarura rusange ryakozwe mu 2021, ryagaragaje ko Abidjan yari utuwe n'abaturage miliyoni 6.3, bangana na 21.5% by'abatuye igihugu cyose . Abidjan ni umujyi wa gatandatu utuwe cyane muri Afurika: nyuma ya Logos, Cairo, Kinshasa, Dar es Salaam na Johannesburg. Uyu mujyi ni ihuriro ry’imico itandukanye muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba, urangwa n’ uruhuri rw’inganda no kwaguka k'umujyi. Abidjan ni umujyi utuwe cyane n'abakoresha ururimi rw'igifaransa muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba.

Uyu mujyi wagutse cyane nyuma yo kubaka icyambu gishya mu 1931, bikurikirwa no kuba umurwa mukuru w’abakoloni b’Abafaransa mu 1933. Kuzuza umuyoboro wa Vridi mu 1951, byatumye Abidjan iba icyambu gikomeye cyo ku nyanja. Abidjan yakomeje kuba umurwa mukuru wa Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast nyuma yo kwigenga mu 1960, ubwo yari yigobotoye Ubufaransa bwayikoronizaga. Mu 1983, umujyi wa Yamoussoukro wagizwe umurwa mukuru wa politiki wemewe wa Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast. Icyakora, ku mugaragaro, Abidjan yagizwe umurwa mukuru w’ubukungu kubera ko ari wo mujyi munini mu gihugu ndetse ukaba n'izingiro ry’ibikorwa by’ubukungu. Inzego nyinshi za politiki na za Ambasade zose z’ibihugu by'amahanga zakomeje kuba muri Abidjan.

Amateka

Abidjan

Abidjan yari isanzwe ari umudugudu ukorerwamo ibikorwa by'uburobyi. Mu 1896, nyuma y’uruhererekane rw'ibyorezo bya Yellow Fever, abakoloni b’Abafaransa bari batuye muri Grand-Bassam bahisemo kwimukira ahantu hizewe maze mu 1898 bahitamo kujya gutura mu mudugudu wari uherutse kwitwa Abidjan. Mu 1903 yahindutse umujyi ku mugaragaro. ​​

Abidjan, iherereye ku nkombe ya lagoon n'doupé, yagukiye ku bundi butaka bunini ndetse haba ahantu hatanga amahirwe menshi yo kwaguriraho ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi. Icyambu cya Petit Bassam giherereye mu majyepfo y’umujyi cyahise kirenga ku cyambu cya Grand-Bassam, maze gihinduka inzira nyamukuru inyuzwamo ibicuruzwa byajyaga mu bakoloni. Mu 1904, iherezo y'inzira ya gari ya moshi yari iherereye mu gace ka Port-Bouët ko muri Abidjan. Guhera muri uwo mwaka, nubwo umujyi wa Bingerville utari warangiye kubakwa neza, Abidjan yabaye ihuriro rigari ry'ubukungu bw'abakoronizaga Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast ndetse iba inzira ya mbere y'ingenzi mu bwikorezi yakoreshwaga mu gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bikoherezwa mu bihugu byo ku mugabane w’Uburayi, cyane cyane binyuze mu muryango w'abanya Libani, urushaho kugira umumaro mu bucuruzi n'ubukungu. Mu 1934, Abidjan yabaye umujyi wa gatatu wa Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast, nyuma ya Grand-Bassam na Bingerville. Hafashwe icyemezo cyo kuyigira umurwa mukuru bitewe n'muhanda wa gari ya moshi wahuzaga Amajyaruguru n'Amajyepfo ya Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast.

Umujyi wa Abidjan nijoro

Nyuma y'ubwigenge

Igihe Cote d'Ivoire/Yvory coast yigenga mu 1960, Umujyi wa Abidjan wabaye izingiro ry'ubuyobozi ndetse n’ubukungu mu gihugu gishya. Igice giherereye mu majyepfo ya Treichville, cyerekeza ku kibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga no ku nkombe z'inyanja, habaye indiri y'Abanyaburayi ndetse n'abafite ubushobozi buciriritse n'ubwisumbuyeho. Nyuma yo kubona ubwigenge kwa Ivory Coast, Umujyi wa Abidjan wateye imbere byihuse ndetse bituma n'umubare w'abaturage bahatuye wiyongera cyane, uva ku baturage 180.000 mu 1960 bagera kuri 1.269.000 mu 1978.

Imirimo yo kubaka Katedarali yitiriwe Mutagatifu Pawulo, yakorewe igishushanyo mbonera n’umwubatsi w’umutaliyani witwaAldo Spirito, yatangiye mu 1980 nyuma y'uko Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II ashyizeho ibuye ry'ifatizo maze mirimo irangira mu 1985. Kuva mu mwaka ya za 1980, ubukungu bwa Abidjan bwatangiye kugabanuka bitewe n’uburangare bw’abayobozi, ruswa ndetse no gusubira inyuma muri rusange. Mu 1983, ku buyobozi bwa Perezida Felix Houphouet-Boigny, umudugudu wa Yamoussoukro wabaye umurwa mukuru mushya wa politiki wa Cote d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast, kuko ariho yari yavukiye. Icyakora, Abidjan yakomeje kuba izingiro ry'ubukungu n'ubucuruzi mu gihugu.

Inyubako zo mu mujyi wa Abidjan